Lee A J, Saw S-M, Gazzard G, Cheng A, Tan D T H
Department of Community, Occupational and Family Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Republic of Singapore.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2004 Jan;88(1):5-7. doi: 10.1136/bjo.88.1.5.
To assess whether intraocular pressure (IOP) is associated with refractive error or axial length in children.
Of subjects from the Singapore Cohort Study of the Risk Factors for Myopia (SCORM), 636 Chinese children aged 9-11 years from two elementary schools underwent non-contact tonometry, cycloplegic autorefraction, and A-scan biometry during 2001. For analyses, refractive error was categorised into four groups; hypermetropia (spherical equivalent refraction (SE) > or = +1.0D), emmetropia (-0.5D<SE< +1.0D), low myopia (-3.0D<SE< or = -0.5D) and high myopia (SE< or = -3.0D).
Of the 636 children examined, 50.6% were male. The mean IOP was 16.6 (SD 2.7) mm Hg. There were no significant IOP differences between low (mean IOP = 16.4 (2.8) mm Hg) or high myopes (16.7 (2.5) mm Hg) and emmetropes (16.7 (2.9) mm Hg), p = 0.57. IOP was not correlated with spherical equivalent refraction (Spearman correlation, r = 0.009) or axial length (r = 0.030). In regression analyses adjusting for diastolic blood pressure, neither spherical equivalent (regression coefficient = 0.014) nor axial length (regression coefficient = 0.027) were significantly associated with IOP.
These findings do not support an association between IOP and refractive error or axial length in children. This questions postulated roles of IOP in the pathogenesis of myopia.
评估儿童眼压（IOP）是否与屈光不正或眼轴长度相关。
在2001年，从新加坡近视危险因素队列研究（SCORM）的受试者中，选取了来自两所小学的636名9至11岁的中国儿童，对他们进行了非接触眼压测量、睫状肌麻痹验光和A超生物测量。分析时，将屈光不正分为四组：远视（球镜等效度（SE）≥ +1.0D）、正视（-0.5D < SE < +1.0D）、低度近视（-3.0D < SE ≤ -0.5D）和高度近视（SE ≤ -3.0D）。
在接受检查的636名儿童中，50.6%为男性。平均眼压为16.6（标准差2.7）mmHg。低度近视者（平均眼压 = 16.4（2.8）mmHg）或高度近视者（16.7（2.5）mmHg）与正视者（16.7（2.9）mmHg）之间的眼压无显著差异，p = 0.57。眼压与球镜等效度（Spearman相关性，r = 0.009）或眼轴长度（r = 0.030）均无相关性。在调整舒张压的回归分析中，球镜等效度（回归系数 = 0.014）和眼轴长度（回归系数 = 0.027）与眼压均无显著相关性。
这些发现不支持儿童眼压与屈光不正或眼轴长度之间存在关联。这对眼压在近视发病机制中的假定作用提出了质疑。
