de Deus José M, Girão Manoel J B C, Sartori Marair G F, Baracat Edmund C, Rodrigues de Lima Geraldo, Nader Helena B, Dietrich Carl P
Departments of Gynecology and Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Dec;189(6):1654-9. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(03)00867-6.
This study was undertaken to evaluate the action of conjugated equine estrogens alone, medroxyprogesterone, the combination of these estrogens with progestogens, and of raloxifene on the glycosaminoglycan profile in the bladder and urethra of adult oophorectomized rats in comparison with noncastrated rats.
Sixty adult rats, of which 50 were submitted to bilateral oophorectomy, were studied. After 4 days, the latter were assigned to five groups of 10 animals each. For 30 consecutive days the following treatments were given: group 1, conjugated equine estrogens; group 2, conjugated equine estrogens combined with medroxyprogesterone acetate; group 3, medroxyprogesterone; group 4, raloxifene; and group 5, placebo. Thereafter the bladders and urethras of the animals were removed, processed to yield a dry powder of which the sulfated glycosaminoglycan content was determined by densitometry after agarose gel electrophoresis and that of hyaluronic acid by a fluorimetric assay.
Glycosaminoglycans found in the bladder and urethra were dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid. In the bladder, hypoestrogenism or replacement with estrogens led to a lower sulfated glycosaminoglycan content. Replacement with estrogens and/or medroxyprogesterone reverted this effect. Hypoestrogenism decreased the dermatan sulfate/heparan sulfate ratio and reduced hyaluronic acid content. Estrogen therapy reverted this alteration and medroxyprogesterone addition annulled the estrogenic effect. In the urethra, castration did not alter hyaluronic acid content and sulfated glycosaminoglycan content, but raloxifene decreased the latter.
Castrated rats had a decrease in sulfated glycosaminoglycans and hyaluronic acid content in the bladder. Hormonal replacement altered the quantity and quality of glycosaminoglycans. In the urethra, raloxifene reduced sulfated glycosaminoglycans.
本研究旨在评估共轭马雌激素单独使用、甲羟孕酮、这些雌激素与孕激素联合使用以及雷洛昔芬对成年去卵巢大鼠膀胱和尿道中糖胺聚糖谱的作用，并与未去势大鼠进行比较。
对60只成年大鼠进行研究，其中50只接受双侧卵巢切除术。4天后，将后者分为5组，每组10只动物。连续30天给予以下治疗：第1组，共轭马雌激素；第2组，共轭马雌激素与醋酸甲羟孕酮联合使用；第3组，甲羟孕酮；第4组，雷洛昔芬；第5组，安慰剂。此后，取出动物的膀胱和尿道，进行处理以得到干粉，通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳后的光密度测定法测定其中硫酸化糖胺聚糖的含量，通过荧光测定法测定透明质酸的含量。
在膀胱和尿道中发现的糖胺聚糖有硫酸皮肤素、硫酸乙酰肝素和透明质酸。在膀胱中，雌激素缺乏或用雌激素替代导致硫酸化糖胺聚糖含量降低。用雌激素和/或甲羟孕酮替代可逆转这种效应。雌激素缺乏降低了硫酸皮肤素/硫酸乙酰肝素的比例并降低了透明质酸含量。雌激素治疗可逆转这种改变，添加甲羟孕酮可消除雌激素的作用。在尿道中，去势未改变透明质酸含量和硫酸化糖胺聚糖含量，但雷洛昔芬降低了后者。
去势大鼠膀胱中硫酸化糖胺聚糖和透明质酸含量降低。激素替代改变了糖胺聚糖的数量和质量。在尿道中，雷洛昔芬降低了硫酸化糖胺聚糖。
