Lengua Liliana J
Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-1525, USA.
Child Dev. 2002 Jan-Feb;73(1):144-61. doi: 10.1111/1467-8624.00397.
This study investigated the additive and interactive effects of multiple risk, emotionality, and self-regulation in predicting children's adjustment problems and positive adjustment using a community sample (N = 101) of children in third through fifth grades. Multiple measures of emotionality and self-regulation were used, including observational measures and mother and child report on questionnaires. Results indicated that questionnaire measures of emotionality and self-regulation predicted children's positive and negative adjustment over and above the effects of multiple risk, as well as resilience and vulnerability. Negative emotionality predicted adjustment problems, positive emotionality predicted positive adjustment, and self-regulation predicted both. In addition, observational measures of self-regulation moderated the association between multiple risk and adjustment such that children low in self-regulation were more vulnerable to multiple risk. The results suggest that emotionality and self-regulation operate as additional risk and protective factors in multiple-risk models.
本研究使用三至五年级儿童的社区样本（N = 101），调查了多种风险、情绪性和自我调节在预测儿童适应问题和积极适应方面的累加效应与交互效应。使用了情绪性和自我调节的多种测量方法，包括观察法以及母亲和儿童对问卷的报告。结果表明，情绪性和自我调节的问卷测量方法在多种风险、恢复力和易损性的影响之外，还能预测儿童的积极和消极适应。消极情绪性预测适应问题，积极情绪性预测积极适应，自我调节则对二者均有预测作用。此外，自我调节的观察测量结果调节了多种风险与适应之间的关联，即自我调节能力低的儿童更容易受到多种风险的影响。结果表明，在多风险模型中，情绪性和自我调节起到了额外的风险和保护因素的作用。
