Detection and quantitation of antibodies against Rhizopus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

In sawmills high concentrations of spores from the mould Rhizopus microsporus may occur, causing allergic alveolitis in exposed workers. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic exposed workers may develop antibodies. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies to Rhizopus has been developed in order to study the relationship between antibody levels and exposure levels. The precision of the measurements of Rhizopus antibodies by ELISA carried out on the same microtiter plate was estimated to be 11%. It is therefore possible to detect changes in antibody levels of approximately 25% or more. Antibodies were studied longitudinally by ELISA in 60 wood trimmers. The observed changes in antibody levels exceeded the precision of the ELISA method substantially, indicating significant variability in antibody levels in wood trimmers. The ELISA test was compared with the double immunodiffusion test (DID). Sera from 67 wood trimmers were analyzed by both methods. Antibodies were detected by ELISA in 70% and by DID in 28% of the workers in this group, clearly demonstrating that the ELISA test is the most sensitive method for the detection of antibodies to Rhizopus.