Haggarty P, Campbell D M, Bendomir A, Gray E S, Abramovich D R
Rowett Research Institute, Aberdeen, UK.
BJOG. 2004 Feb;111(2):113-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-0528.2003.00018.x.
To evaluate the usefulness of ponderal index (PI) and related indices of weight and length in identifying asymmetric growth, body thinness and organ asymmetry associated with IUGR.
Cross sectional study.
Aberdeen Maternity Hospital.
The population includes term (>/=37 weeks) singleton live births (n= 53,934) between 1986 and 1996, ultrasound measurements in 2522 pregnancies, 712 unselected term pregnancies in 1979/1980 and stillbirths (24-36 weeks) between 1986 and 1995 where the fetus was diagnosed as suffering from acute (n= 73) or chronic (n= 30) anoxic death.
The strength of association between direct measures of IUGR and various indices of weight and length was determined by linear and multiple stepwise linear regression.
Weight, length, PI and skinfold thicknesses (triceps, biceps, flank thighs, back) were measured at birth. Abdominal circumference, biparietal diameter and femur length were measured by ultrasound at >/=37 weeks. Ratio of liver, heart and kidney to brain were measured in stillbirths.
Weight alone was a better predictor of skinfold thickness, abdominal circumference and the ratio of abdominal circumference to biparietal diameter than weight divided by length raised to the power 1, 2, 3 (PI), 4 or 5. The inclusion of gestational age made little difference to the predictive ability of weight for these full term births. Weight, but not PI, was significantly different between the two groups of stillborn fetuses (chronic and acute), which had significantly different (P < 0.001) organ ratios.
Body weight alone was a better predictor of anthropometric ratios, organ asymmetry and measures of thinness at birth thought to be associated with IUGR than the PI. The inclusion of a length term generally reduced the predictive ability with the highest powers resulting in the poorest prediction.
评估体重指数（PI）以及相关的体重和身长指标在识别与胎儿生长受限（IUGR）相关的不对称生长、身体消瘦和器官不对称方面的有用性。
横断面研究。
阿伯丁妇产医院。
研究对象包括1986年至1996年间足月（≥37周）单胎活产儿（n = 53934）、2522例妊娠的超声测量数据、1979/1980年712例未经筛选的足月妊娠以及1986年至1995年间死产儿（24 - 36周），其中胎儿被诊断为急性（n = 73）或慢性（n = 30）缺氧死亡。
通过线性和多元逐步线性回归确定IUGR直接测量值与各种体重和身长指标之间的关联强度。
出生时测量体重、身长、PI和皮褶厚度（肱三头肌、肱二头肌、大腿外侧、背部）。在≥37周时通过超声测量腹围、双顶径和股骨长度。在死产儿中测量肝脏、心脏和肾脏与脑的比例。
单独的体重比体重除以身长的1、2、3次方（PI）、4次方或5次方能更好地预测皮褶厚度、腹围以及腹围与双顶径的比值。对于这些足月出生儿，纳入孕周对体重的预测能力影响不大。两组死产胎儿（慢性和急性）的体重有显著差异，而PI无显著差异，两组的器官比例有显著差异（P < 0.001）。
与PI相比，单独的体重在预测出生时被认为与IUGR相关的人体测量比值、器官不对称和消瘦指标方面表现更好。纳入身长指标通常会降低预测能力，幂次越高预测效果越差。
