Moselakgomo Violet K, Van Staden Marlise
Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga.
Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2019 Aug 14;11(1):e1-e7. doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v11i1.1949.
Prevalence of obesity in youths has drastically increased in both industrialised and non-industrialised countries, and this transition resulted in an increased prevalence of chronic diseases.
The study aimed to comparatively examine prevalence of overweight and obesity status based on tri-ponderal mass index and body mass index in estimating body fat levels in South African children.
The study was conducted in Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa.
A cross-sectional survey of 1361 (boys: n = 678; girls: n = 683) children aged 9-13 years was undertaken. The children's age and sex-related measurements of body weight, waist-to-height ratio, waist-to-hip ratio, triceps skinfold, subscapular skinfolds and sum of skinfold were taken using the International Society for Advancement of Kinanthropometry protocol. TMI and BMI calculations classified children according to weight and age categories. Descriptive statistics, Spearman's correlations and multiple linear regression analyses were set at ≤ 0.05.
Obesity classifications on TMI and BMI among children were as follows: Boys: 7.3%, 2.6%; 2.2%, 0.7%; Girls: 4.0%, 1.0%; 1.8%, 0.6%. Body weight, WHtR, WHpR, TSKF, SSKF and ΣSKF significantly correlated with TMI (r = 0.40, p 0.001; r = 0.73, p 0.001; r = -0.09, p 0.001; r = 0.50, p 0.001; r = 0.51, p 0.001 and r = 0.52, p 0.001) and BMI (r = 0.81, p 0.001; r = 0.59, p 0.001; r = -0.22, p 0.001; r = 0.63, p 0.001; r = 0.67, p 0.001 and r = 0.66, p 0.001). Regression analysis revealed that body weight, WHtR, WHpR, TSKF, SSKF and ΣSKF accounted for 65% and 85% of variance in children's TMI (R2 = 0.647, F[6 1354] = 413.977, p 0.001) and BMI (R2 = 0.851, F[6 1354] = 1288.218, p 0.001).
TMI revealed strikingly higher incidence of overweight and obesity in South African boys and girls than BMI. Future studies are needed to clarify sensitivity of TMI over BMI in quantifying obesity prevalence in children and adolescents.
在工业化国家和非工业化国家，青少年肥胖率均急剧上升，这种转变导致慢性病患病率增加。
本研究旨在比较基于三 ponderal 质量指数（TMI）和体重指数（BMI）评估南非儿童体脂水平时超重和肥胖状况的患病率。
研究在南非林波波省和姆普马兰加省进行。
对1361名（男孩：n = 678；女孩：n = 683）9至13岁儿童进行横断面调查。采用国际人体测量学促进会协议，测量儿童的年龄、与性别相关的体重、腰高比、腰臀比、肱三头肌皮褶厚度、肩胛下皮褶厚度和皮褶厚度总和。通过TMI和BMI计算，根据体重和年龄类别对儿童进行分类。描述性统计、Spearman相关性分析和多元线性回归分析设定为p≤0.05。
儿童中TMI和BMI的肥胖分类如下：男孩：7.3%，2.6%；2.2%，0.7%；女孩：4.0%，1.0%；1.8%，0.6%。体重、腰高比、腰臀比、肱三头肌皮褶厚度、肩胛下皮褶厚度和皮褶厚度总和与TMI（r = 0.40，p<0.001；r = 0.73，p<0.001；r = -0.09，p<0.001；r = 0.50，p<0.001；r = 0.51，p<0.001；r = 0.52，p<0.001）和BMI（r = 0.81，p<0.001；r = 0.59，p<0.001；r = -0.22，p<0.001；r = 0.63，p<0.001；r = 0.67，p<0.001；r = 0.66，p<0.001）显著相关。回归分析显示，体重、腰高比、腰臀比、肱三头肌皮褶厚度、肩胛下皮褶厚度和皮褶厚度总和分别解释了儿童TMI（R2 = 0.647，F[6,1354] = 413.977，p<0.001）和BMI（R2 = 0.851，F[6,1354] = 1288.218，p<0.001）变异的65%和85%。
TMI显示南非男孩和女孩超重和肥胖的发生率显著高于BMI。未来需要开展研究，以阐明TMI在量化儿童和青少年肥胖患病率方面相对于BMI的敏感性。
