Kalra Mannudeep K, Maher Michael M, Toth Thomas L, Hamberg Leena M, Blake Michael A, Shepard Jo-Anne, Saini Sanjay
Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, White 270-E, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Radiology. 2004 Mar;230(3):619-28. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2303021726. Epub 2004 Jan 22.
Recent technologic advances have markedly enhanced the clinical applications of computed tomography (CT). While the benefits of CT exceed the harmful effects of radiation exposure in patients, increasing radiation doses to the population have raised a compelling case for reduction of radiation exposure from CT. Strategies for radiation dose reduction are difficult to devise, however, because of a lack of guidelines regarding CT examination and scanning techniques. Various methods and strategies based on individual patient attributes and CT technology have been explored for dose optimization. It is the purpose of this review article to outline basic principles of CT radiation exposure and emphasize the need for CT radiation dose optimization based on modification of scanning parameters and application of recent technologic innovations.
近期的技术进步显著增强了计算机断层扫描（CT）的临床应用。虽然CT给患者带来的益处超过了辐射暴露的有害影响，但人群辐射剂量的增加引发了减少CT辐射暴露的迫切需求。然而，由于缺乏关于CT检查和扫描技术的指南，很难制定出辐射剂量降低策略。基于个体患者特征和CT技术，人们探索了各种方法和策略来优化剂量。这篇综述文章的目的是概述CT辐射暴露的基本原则，并强调基于扫描参数的调整和近期技术创新的应用来优化CT辐射剂量的必要性。
