Carmichael Suzan L, Shaw Gary M, Yang Wei, Lammer Edward J
March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation/California Department of Health Services, California Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Oakland, California, USA.
Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2003 Oct;67(10):875-8. doi: 10.1002/bdra.10087.
In this study we investigated whether the risk of delivering infants with conotruncal heart defects was increased among mothers who consumed alcohol during the periconceptional period (i.e., 1 month before conception to 3 months after conception).
Data were obtained from a population-based case-control study of California births from 1987-1988. Information concerning alcohol consumption was obtained via telephone interviews with mothers of 207 (87% of eligibles) case infants and 481 (76%) nonmalformed control infants.
Bivariate results indicated that relative to nonconsumers, women who consumed alcohol less than once a week had a 1.3-fold increased risk of delivering infants with a conotruncal heart defect (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0, 1.9), and women who consumed alcohol once a week or more had a 1.9-fold increased risk (95% CI 1.0, 3.4). The risks associated with consuming five or more drinks per drinking occasion were 1.6 (95% CI 0.8, 3.2) for less than once a week, and 2.4 for once a week or more (95% CI 0.6, 9.7). The results for the phenotypic subgroups were similar to those for all cases. Adjustment for potential covariates resulted in somewhat weaker, but still elevated, risks.
This study found that the risk of conotruncal heart defects in offspring was moderately elevated among women who consumed alcoholic beverages during the periconceptional period, and that risk was higher with increased frequency of drinking or increased number of drinks consumed per occasion. Most of the risk estimates were imprecise, and chance could not be ruled out as an explanation for the observed findings.
在本研究中，我们调查了在围孕期（即受孕前1个月至受孕后3个月）饮酒的母亲所分娩的婴儿患圆锥动脉干心脏缺陷的风险是否增加。
数据来自于一项基于人群的1987 - 1988年加利福尼亚州出生情况的病例对照研究。通过电话访谈207名（占符合条件者的87%）病例婴儿的母亲和481名（占76%）无畸形对照婴儿的母亲，获取有关饮酒情况的信息。
双变量结果表明，与不饮酒者相比，每周饮酒少于一次的女性分娩患圆锥动脉干心脏缺陷婴儿的风险增加了1.3倍（95%置信区间（CI）为1.0, 1.9），每周饮酒一次或更多的女性风险增加了1.9倍（95% CI为1.0, 3.4）。每次饮酒场合饮用五杯或更多酒的相关风险，每周少于一次为1.6（95% CI为0.8, 3.2），每周一次或更多为2.4（95% CI为0.6, 9.7）。表型亚组的结果与所有病例的结果相似。对潜在协变量进行调整后，风险有所减弱，但仍有所升高。
本研究发现，围孕期饮酒的女性所生后代患圆锥动脉干心脏缺陷的风险适度升高，且随着饮酒频率增加或每次饮酒量增加，风险更高。大多数风险估计不精确，不能排除偶然性作为观察结果的一种解释。
