Kilicdag Esra Bulgan, Yavuz Haluk, Bagis Tayfun, Tarim Ebru, Erkan Alper Nabi, Kazanci Ferah
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Jan;190(1):77-82. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2003.06.001.
This study was undertaken to investigate how hormone therapy affects hearing in postmenopausal women.
This prospective study involved 109 postmenopausal women. Twenty of the women were using estrogen therapy (ET group), 30 women were using hormone therapy (HT group), and 59 had not received hormone therapy of any kind (control group). Otoscopic examination revealed normal tympanic membranes in all 109 subjects. Each individual was tested with low- (250-2000 Hz) and high-frequency audiometry (4000-16000 Hz). Duration of hormone therapy was recorded, and patient characteristics (age, type of menopause, time since onset of menopause), body mass index (BMI), and hearing test results in the ET, HT, and control groups were compared.
There were no statistically significant differences between the treatment (ET and HT group) and control groups with respect to age, BMI, or time since onset of menopause. The mean time on HT and ET was 4.13+/-2.41 years and 3.35+/-2.20 years, respectively. The mean air conduction results at low frequencies (250, 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz) in the ET group were significantly higher than the corresponding findings in the control group (P<.001) and than the HT group (P<.001). When the same comparisons were made between the HT group and the control group, none of the differences was statistically significant (P>.05). The mean air-conduction results at high frequencies (4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 kHz) in the ET group were significantly higher than the corresponding results in the HT group (P<.008). ET versus controls and HT versus controls at high frequencies revealed no significant differences (P>.05). The mean bone conduction results in the ET group were significantly higher than the corresponding findings in the control group (P<.016). Analysis of the same comparisons between the HT-ET and HT-control groups revealed no significant differences (P>.05).
Estrogen therapy may slow down hearing loss in aging postmenopausal women; however, further studies of larger series are needed to confirm this, and the sites of hormonal action must also be explored.
本研究旨在调查激素疗法如何影响绝经后女性的听力。
这项前瞻性研究纳入了109名绝经后女性。其中20名女性正在接受雌激素疗法（ET组），30名女性正在接受激素疗法（HT组），59名女性未接受过任何类型的激素疗法（对照组）。耳镜检查显示，所有109名受试者的鼓膜均正常。对每个人进行了低频（250 - 2000赫兹）和高频听力测定（4000 - 16000赫兹）测试。记录激素疗法的持续时间，并比较ET组、HT组和对照组的患者特征（年龄、绝经类型、绝经开始后的时间）、体重指数（BMI）以及听力测试结果。
在年龄、BMI或绝经开始后的时间方面，治疗组（ET组和HT组）与对照组之间无统计学显著差异。HT组和ET组的平均治疗时间分别为4.13±2.41年和3.35±2.20年。ET组低频（250、500、1000和2000赫兹）的平均气导结果显著高于对照组（P<0.001）和HT组（P<0.001）。当在HT组和对照组之间进行相同比较时，差异均无统计学显著性（P>0.05）。ET组高频（4、6、8、10、12、14和16千赫兹）的平均气导结果显著高于HT组（P<0.008）。ET组与对照组以及HT组与对照组在高频时均无显著差异（P>0.05）。ET组的平均骨导结果显著高于对照组（P<0.016）。对HT - ET组和HT - 对照组之间的相同比较分析显示无显著差异（P>0.05）。
雌激素疗法可能会减缓绝经后老年女性的听力损失；然而，需要进一步开展更大规模系列的研究来证实这一点，并且还必须探索激素作用的部位。
