Gucci R, Lombardini L, Tattini M
Dipartimento di Coltivazione e Difesa delle Specie Legnose, Sezione Coltivazioni Arboree, Università di Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, Pisa 56124, Italy.
Tree Physiol. 1997 Jan;17(1):13-21. doi: 10.1093/treephys/17.1.13.
One-year-old rooted cuttings of olive (Olea europaea L. cvs. Frantoio and Leccino) were grown either hydroponically or in soil in a greenhouse. Plants were exposed to NaCl treatments (0, 100, and 200 mM) for 35 days, followed by 30 to 34 days of relief from salt stress to determine whether previously demonstrated genotypic differences in tolerance to salinity were related to water relations parameters. Exposure to high salt concentrations resulted in reductions in predawn water potential (Psi(w)), osmotic potential at full turgor (Psi(piFT)), osmotic potential at turgor loss point (Psi(piTLP)), and relative water content (RWC) in both cultivars, regardless of the growth substrate. Leaf Psi(w) and RWC returned to values similar to those of controls by the end of the relief period. The effect of salinity on Psi(pi) appeared earlier in Leccino than in Frantoio. Values for Psi(piFT) were -2.50, -2.87, and -3.16 MPa for the 0, 100, and 200 mM salt-treated Frantoio plants, respectively, and -2.23, -2.87, and -3.37 MPa for the corresponding Leccino plants. Recovery of Psi(pi) was complete for plants in the 100 mM salt treatment, but not for plants in the 200 mM salt treatment, which maintained an increased pressure potential (Psi(pi)) compared to control plants. Net solute accumulation was higher in Leccino, the salt-sensitive cultivar, than in Frantoio. In controls of both cultivars, cations contributed 39.9 to 42.0% of the total Psi(piFT), mannitol and glucose contributed 27.1 to 30.8%, and other soluble carbohydrates contributed 3.1 to 3.6%. The osmotic contribution of Na(+) increased from 0.1-2.1% for non-treated plants to 8.6-15.5% and 15.6-20.0% for the 100 mM and 200 mM salt-treated plants, respectively. The mannitol contribution to Psi(piFT) reached a maximum of 9.1% at the end of the salinization period. We conclude that differences between the two cultivars in leaf water relations reflect differences in the exclusion capacities for Na(+) and Cl(-) ions.
将一年生的油橄榄（油橄榄属欧洲油橄榄L.品种弗兰托伊奥和莱基诺）扦插苗在温室中采用水培或土培方式培育。将植株暴露于NaCl处理（0、100和200 mM）35天，随后进行30至34天的盐胁迫缓解期，以确定先前证明的耐盐性基因型差异是否与水分关系参数有关。无论生长基质如何，暴露于高盐浓度都会导致两个品种的黎明前水势（Ψ(w)）、完全膨压下的渗透势（Ψ(πFT)）、膨压丧失点的渗透势（Ψ(πTLP)）和相对含水量（RWC）降低。在缓解期结束时，叶片Ψ(w)和RWC恢复到与对照相似的值。盐度对Ψ(π)的影响在莱基诺中比在弗兰托伊奥中出现得更早。对于0、100和200 mM盐处理的弗兰托伊奥植株，Ψ(πFT)的值分别为-2.50、-2.87和-3.16 MPa，对于相应的莱基诺植株，Ψ(πFT)的值分别为-2.23、-2.87和-3.37 MPa。100 mM盐处理的植株Ψ(π)完全恢复，但200 mM盐处理的植株未完全恢复，与对照植株相比，其压力势（Ψ(π)）仍然较高。盐敏感品种莱基诺的净溶质积累高于弗兰托伊奥。在两个品种的对照中，阳离子占总Ψ(πFT)的39.9%至42.0%，甘露醇和葡萄糖占27.1%至30.8%，其他可溶性碳水化合物占3.1%至3.6%。Na(+)的渗透贡献从未处理植株的0.1 - 2.1%分别增加到100 mM和200 mM盐处理植株的8.6 - 15.5%和15.6 - 20.0%。在盐化期结束时，甘露醇对Ψ(πFT)的贡献达到最大值9.1%。我们得出结论，两个品种在叶片水分关系上的差异反映了它们对Na(+)和Cl(-)离子的排斥能力差异。
