MacDonald Kristin A, Chomel Bruno B, Kittleson Mark D, Kasten Rick W, Thomas William P, Pesavento Patricia
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 2004 Jan-Feb;18(1):56-64. doi: 10.1892/0891-6640(2004)18<56:apsoci>2.0.co;2.
A prospective study was performed (June 1999 to May 2001) to determine the incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) due to Bartonella in dogs in northern California and to compare these patients with other dogs with IE. IE was diagnosed antemortem based on clinical signs and echocardiography in 18 dogs. The etiologic agent was Bartonella sp. in 5 dogs (28%) and was diagnosed by high seroreactivity to Bartonella (titer > 1:512; range, 1:1,024-1:4,096); and confirmed postmortem by positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) from the infected valve and partial DNA sequencing of the citrate synthase gene (glt A). Conventional bacteria were causative agents in 7 dogs (39%). An etiologic agent was not identified in 6 dogs (33%). Bartonella vinsonii berkhoffii (n = 3), B clarridgeiae (n = 1), and a B clarridgeiae-like organism (n = 1) were identified. Blood culture was positive only for the IE case due to B clarridgeiae. All dogs with IE due to Bartonella were also seroreactive to Anaplasma phagocytophilum. All dogs with IE due to Bartonella had lesions only on the aortic valve. Of the cases of IE not due to Bartonella, 31% involved the aortic valve, 61% the mitral valve, and 8% both valves. Dogs with mitral valve IE lived longer than all dogs with aortic valve IE (P = .004) and dogs with IE of the aortic valve due to Bartonella (P = .002). In conclusion, Bartonella is a common cause of IE in dogs of northern California. A high Bartonella serologic titer (> 1:512) is useful antemortem to diagnose aortic valve IE due to Bartonella.
进行了一项前瞻性研究（1999年6月至2001年5月），以确定加利福尼亚北部犬类中巴尔通体所致感染性心内膜炎（IE）的发病率，并将这些患者与其他患有IE的犬类进行比较。根据临床症状和超声心动图在18只犬中进行了生前IE诊断。5只犬（28%）的病原体为巴尔通体属，通过对巴尔通体的高血清反应性（滴度>1:512；范围为1:1,024 - 1:4,096）进行诊断，并通过感染瓣膜的聚合酶链反应（PCR）-限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）和柠檬酸合酶基因（glt A）的部分DNA测序在死后确诊。7只犬（39%）的病原体为传统细菌。6只犬（33%）未鉴定出病原体。鉴定出文森巴尔通体伯克霍夫亚种（n = 3）、克拉氏巴尔通体（n = 1）和一种类似克拉氏巴尔通体的生物体（n = 1）。仅克拉氏巴尔通体所致IE病例的血培养呈阳性。所有巴尔通体所致IE的犬对嗜吞噬细胞无形体也有血清反应性。所有巴尔通体所致IE的犬仅主动脉瓣有病变。在非巴尔通体所致IE病例中，31%累及主动脉瓣，61%累及二尖瓣，8%累及两个瓣膜。二尖瓣IE的犬比所有主动脉瓣IE的犬存活时间长（P = .004），也比巴尔通体所致主动脉瓣IE的犬存活时间长（P = .002）。总之，巴尔通体是加利福尼亚北部犬类IE的常见病因。高巴尔通体血清滴度（>1:512）有助于生前诊断巴尔通体所致主动脉瓣IE。
