Jungbauer J, Kamenik C, Alfermann D, Brähler E
Universität Leipzig, Abteilung für medizinische Psychologie und medizinische Soziologie.
Gesundheitswesen. 2004 Jan;66(1):51-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2004-812705.
German medical graduates were asked to assess their medical studies in retrospect after their final academic exam. The survey's findings should provide clues for improvements in medical teaching.
Between April 2002 and December 2002 n = 671 medical graduates from 7 Universities in Germany were interviewed. By means of a questionnaire the subjects were asked to specify their study motivation and occupational aims; furthermore they were required to give a retrospective assessment of their medical studies.
The main motive for the decision to study medicine and to be a doctor is the desire to work with people and to be helpful to them. Regarding their occupational aims, most graduates wish to be a medical specialist, especially an internist or a general practitioner. As to the medical teaching, the subjects of the clinical study period are considered much more relevant for the future professional practice than the subjects of the pre-clinical study period. Much criticism focuses on the lack of practice-related medical teaching. The study participants judge the imparting of both practical and psycho-social skills as extremely deficient. Only 37.9 % of the young physicians feel well or very well prepared to future clinical tasks after their final academic exam.
The findings confirm that the medical curriculum should be reconsidered with greater emphasis on teaching more practical skills. Medical teaching should comprise training modules and methods that are more closely connected with clinical practice. In particular, basic skills training of doctor-patient relationship and problem-oriented classes should be implemented, integrating clinical and psychosocial aspects.
德国医学专业毕业生在完成最后一次学术考试后，被要求对其医学学习进行回顾性评估。该调查结果应为医学教学的改进提供线索。
在2002年4月至2002年12月期间，对德国7所大学的671名医学毕业生进行了访谈。通过问卷调查，要求受试者明确其学习动机和职业目标；此外，还要求他们对自己的医学学习进行回顾性评估。
决定学习医学并成为医生的主要动机是渴望与人共事并帮助他人。关于职业目标，大多数毕业生希望成为医学专家，尤其是内科医生或全科医生。至于医学教学，临床学习阶段的课程被认为比临床前学习阶段的课程与未来的专业实践更相关。许多批评集中在缺乏与实践相关的医学教学上。研究参与者认为实践技能和心理社会技能的传授极其不足。只有37.9%的年轻医生在完成最后一次学术考试后，感觉自己对未来的临床任务准备得很好或非常好。
研究结果证实，应重新考虑医学课程，更加强调教授更多实践技能。医学教学应包括与临床实践联系更紧密的培训模块和方法。特别是，应实施医患关系的基本技能培训和以问题为导向的课程，将临床和心理社会方面结合起来。
