Vivas Edison, Guevara De Sequeda Milady
Ministerio de Salud y Desarrollo Social, Dirección de Contraloría Sanitaria y Saneamiento Ambiental, Maracay, Venezuela.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2003 Dec;14(6):394-401. doi: 10.1590/s1020-49892003001100004.
To assess the value of a game known as Jugando en salud: dengue [Playing for health: dengue] as a teaching/learning tool leading to the incorporation of schoolchildren enrolled in secondary school in the control of Aedes aegypti and dengue prevention activities in the municipality of Girardot, Aragua state, Venezuela.
We performed a descriptive, quasi-experimental study based on field research carried out in 9 schools that were chosen by systematic random sampling among the 29 public schools in the municipality of Girardot, Aragua state, Venezuela, having three or more sixth-grade classrooms. In each school three workrooms were set up: in group no. 1 (210 students) the game was practiced three times a week for a total of 60 days, and the teacher was furnished with theoretical materials about dengue; in group no. 2 (196 students) only the theoretical materials that were given to the teacher were used, and in group no. 3 (215 students), which was the control group, the regular learning program established by the Ministry of Education was followed. Participating students were evaluated before and after each of the proposed programs by means of a questionnaire that was evaluated using a Likert scale. We calculated concentration and dispersion measures for the data obtained during the evaluations. Simple analysis of variance was used to compare the mean results obtained in the different classrooms and to detect significant differences among the various groups in terms of knowledge and skills before and after the proposed program. Scheffé's test was used to detect differences within groups.
Six hundred twenty-one schoolchildren between the ages of 8 and 16 years (mean age: 11.8 years) participated in the study. Of the 210 students that took part in the game, 41% rated its acceptability as "high" and 45% as "very high." The knowledge about dengue and the skills that were measured prior to following the prescribed program were lower (6.5 and 18.4 points, respectively) than those displayed in the final test (8.25 and 22.9 points, respectively; P < 0,05). There appeared to be better learning in the groups that used the game plus the theoretical materials (group no. 1), or that used just the theoretical materials (group no. 2), than in the control group (group no. 3). Students in workrooms 1 and 2 also appeared to acquire more skills than those in the control group (P < 0,05).
The game was highly accepted among students enrolled in secondary school. It helped them acquire greater knowledge about dengue and to develop skills and abilities leading to their incorporation in dengue prevention activities in their respective communities. We recommend that the game be extended to all schools as a tool for strengthening the educational process and incorporating children in dengue control activities.
评估一款名为《Jugando en salud: dengue》（《为健康而玩：登革热》）的游戏作为教学工具的价值，该游戏旨在促使委内瑞拉阿拉瓜州吉拉尔多市的中学生参与埃及伊蚊控制和登革热预防活动。
我们进行了一项描述性、准实验性研究，该研究基于在委内瑞拉阿拉瓜州吉拉尔多市29所公立学校中通过系统随机抽样选取的9所学校开展的实地调查，这些学校拥有三个或更多六年级教室。在每所学校设立了三个工作室：第1组（210名学生）每周进行三次该游戏，共持续60天，并且为教师提供了有关登革热的理论材料；第2组（196名学生）仅使用提供给教师的理论材料，第3组（215名学生）作为对照组，遵循教育部制定的常规学习计划。通过一份使用李克特量表进行评估的问卷，在每个提议的项目前后对参与学生进行评估。我们计算了评估过程中获得的数据的集中和离散度量。使用单因素方差分析来比较不同教室获得的平均结果，并检测在提议项目前后不同组在知识和技能方面的显著差异。使用谢弗检验来检测组内差异。
621名年龄在8至16岁（平均年龄：11.8岁）的学童参与了该研究。在参与游戏的210名学生中，41%将其可接受性评为“高”，45%评为“非常高”。在遵循规定项目之前所测量的关于登革热的知识和技能（分别为6.5分和18.4分）低于最终测试中显示的水平（分别为8.25分和22.9分；P < 0.05）。使用游戏加理论材料的组（第1组）或仅使用理论材料的组（第2组）似乎比对照组（第3组）有更好的学习效果。工作室1和2的学生似乎也比对照组的学生获得了更多技能（P < 0.05）。
该游戏在中学生中获得了高度认可。它帮助他们获得了更多关于登革热的知识，并培养了技能和能力，促使他们参与各自社区的登革热预防活动。我们建议将该游戏推广到所有学校，作为加强教育过程和让儿童参与登革热控制活动的一种工具。
