Sińczuk-Walczak Halina, Szymczak Maria, Raźniewska Grazyna, Matczak Wanda, Szymczak Wiesław
Outpatient Clinic of Occupational Diseases, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lódź, Poland.
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2003;16(4):301-10.
The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of aluminum (Al) on the nervous system functions in workers chronically exposed to Al.
The study covered a selected group of 67 male workers (mean age, 38.7 SD 10.3 years; range 23-55 years) involved in the Al production. Their employment duration ranged between 2 and 34 years (mean, 14.6 SD 8.9 years). Aluminum oxide (Al203) concentrations varied from 0.13 to 1.95 mg/m3 (arithmetic mean, 0.40 mg/3, geometric mean, 0.35 mg/m3 SD 0.29). Urine Al concentrations found in smelters ranged from 8.5 to 93.0 microg/l (mean, 42.9 SD 20.5 microg/l). The control group consisted of 57 men non-occupationally exposed to Al, matched by gender, age and work shifts.
Clinically, headache (41.8%), increased emotional irritability (56.7%), concentration difficulty (22.4%), insomnia (22.4%) and mood lability (14.9%) predominated among functional disorders of the nervous system in workers chronically exposed to Al. Objective neurological examinations did not reveal organic lesions in the central or peripheral nervous system. In the EEGs classified as abnormal, generalized and paroxysmal changes were most common.
The results of this study suggest that exposure to Al203 at concentrations below MAC values induces subclinical effect in the nervous system.
本研究旨在评估铝（Al）对长期接触铝的工人神经系统功能的影响。
该研究涵盖了一组选定的67名男性工人（平均年龄38.7±10.3岁；年龄范围23 - 55岁），他们参与铝生产工作。他们的工作年限在2至34年之间（平均14.6±8.9年）。氧化铝（Al2O3）浓度从0.13至1.95毫克/立方米不等（算术平均值为0.40毫克/立方米，几何平均值为0.35毫克/立方米±0.29）。在冶炼厂发现的尿铝浓度范围为8.5至93.0微克/升（平均42.9±20.5微克/升）。对照组由57名未职业性接触铝的男性组成，在性别、年龄和工作班次方面进行了匹配。
临床上，在长期接触铝的工人中，神经系统功能障碍主要表现为头痛（41.8%）、情绪易激惹增加（56.7%）、注意力难以集中（22.4%）、失眠（22.4%）和情绪不稳定（14.9%）。客观的神经学检查未发现中枢或周围神经系统的器质性病变。在分类为异常的脑电图中，广泛性和阵发性变化最为常见。
本研究结果表明，暴露于低于职业接触限值（MAC）的Al2O3会在神经系统中诱发亚临床效应。
