Hassan Mohamed A M, Killick Stephen R
The University of Hull, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Hull, United Kingdom.
Fertil Steril. 2004 Feb;81(2):384-92. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.06.027.
To evaluate the association patterns and quantify the effects of lifestyle on time to pregnancy (TTP).
Observational study.
Teaching hospitals in Hull, United Kingdom.
PATIENT(S): Two thousand and one hundred twelve consecutive pregnant women.
INTERVENTION(S): A questionnaire inquiring about TTP, contraceptive use, pregnancy planning, previous subfertility/pregnancies, age, and lifestyle characteristics of either partner.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): We compared TTP, conception rates, and relative risk of subfecundity between subgroups with different lifestyle characteristics.
RESULT(S): We found that TTP was significantly longer if the woman or partner smoked >15 cigarettes/day (P<.001 and.04, respectively), the partner consumed >20 alcohol units/week (P<.001), the woman's body mass index was >25 kg/m(2) (P<.001), their coffee and/or tea intake was >6 cups/day (P=.04), or if they were socially deprived (P<.001). Each of these effects remained unchanged after adjusting for the potential confounders. The relative-risks of subfecundity with each of these variables ranged between 1.4 to 1.9 (1.4 to 3.6 after adjustment). The effects of coital frequency and recreational drug use were insignificant. Couples who had >4 negative lifestyle variables had a sevenfold longer TTP; their conception probabilities fell by 60%, and they were 7.3-fold more likely to be subfecund than those without negative variables.
CONCLUSION(S): Lifestyle has a significant and cumulative impact on fecundity. Dose-dependent effects occur with smoking, alcohol, and tea/coffee consumption. Appropriate counseling could result in substantial reductions in the referrals for fertility investigations and treatments.
评估生活方式与怀孕时间（TTP）之间的关联模式，并量化其影响。
观察性研究。
英国赫尔的教学医院。
2112名连续的孕妇。
一份问卷，询问TTP、避孕措施使用情况、怀孕计划、既往生育力低下/怀孕情况、年龄以及夫妻双方的生活方式特征。
我们比较了具有不同生活方式特征的亚组之间的TTP、受孕率和生育力低下的相对风险。
我们发现，如果女性或其伴侣每天吸烟超过15支（分别为P<0.001和0.04）、伴侣每周饮酒超过20个酒精单位（P<0.001）、女性体重指数>25 kg/m²（P<0.001）、他们的咖啡和/或茶摄入量>6杯/天（P = 0.04），或者他们处于社会贫困状态（P<0.001），TTP会显著延长。在调整潜在混杂因素后，这些影响均保持不变。这些变量各自导致生育力低下的相对风险在1.4至1.9之间（调整后为1.4至3.6）。性交频率和使用消遣性药物的影响不显著。具有超过4个不良生活方式变量的夫妻TTP延长7倍；他们的受孕概率下降60%，并且他们生育力低下的可能性是没有不良变量夫妻的7.3倍。
生活方式对生育力有显著的累积影响。吸烟、饮酒以及茶/咖啡消费存在剂量依赖性影响。适当的咨询可能会大幅减少生育力调查和治疗的转诊人数。
