La Vecchia Carlo, Lucchini Franca, Negri Eva, Levi Fabio
Laboratory of Epidemiology,Instituto di Ricerche, 'Mario Negri', Milano, Italy.
Oral Oncol. 2004 Apr;40(4):433-9. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2003.09.013.
Mortality from oral cancer has been rising appreciably in most European countries up to the late 1980s, essentially for men. To update trends in oral cancer, death certification data from oral and pharyngeal cancer for 27 European countries were abstracted and analysed from the WHO mortality database over the period 1980-99. Oral cancer mortality in men has started to decline since the late 1980s in most western countries, although some persisting upward trends were registered for Belgium, Denmark, Greece, Portugal, or Scotland. Persisting rises were observed for most central and eastern Europe up to the mid 1990s, reaching exceedingly high rates in Hungary (20.2/100000 at all ages, 51.4 at age 35-64), Slovakia, Slovenia, and the Russian Federation. Some levelling of rates in some countries, such as Poland or the Czech Republic, was observed over more recent calendar years. Oral cancer was low, but moderately upwards in European women, mainly from central and eastern Europe. These trends should be essentially interpreted in terms of patterns and changes in exposure to alcohol and tobacco, and call for urgent control of these factors, as well as for improved diagnosis and management of oral cancer in central and eastern Europe.
直到20世纪80年代末，大多数欧洲国家口腔癌死亡率一直在显著上升，主要是男性。为了更新口腔癌的趋势，从世界卫生组织死亡率数据库中提取并分析了1980 - 1999年期间27个欧洲国家口腔和咽癌的死亡证明数据。自20世纪80年代末以来，大多数西方国家男性口腔癌死亡率已开始下降，尽管比利时、丹麦、希腊、葡萄牙或苏格兰仍存在持续上升趋势。直到20世纪90年代中期，大多数中东欧国家口腔癌死亡率持续上升，匈牙利（各年龄段为20.2/100000，35 - 64岁为51.4）、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚和俄罗斯联邦的死亡率极高。在最近几年里，观察到一些国家如波兰或捷克共和国的死亡率有所平缓。欧洲女性口腔癌发病率较低，但主要来自中东欧的女性发病率呈适度上升趋势。这些趋势主要应根据酒精和烟草暴露模式及变化来解释，并且迫切需要控制这些因素，同时改善中东欧地区口腔癌的诊断和治疗。
