虚拟现实中恐高症的治疗：沉浸感和临场感的作用。

Treatment of acrophobia in virtual reality: the role of immersion and presence.

作者信息

Krijn Merel, Emmelkamp Paul M G, Biemond Roeline, de Wilde de Ligny Claudius, Schuemie Martijn J, van der Mast Charles A P G

机构信息

University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Psychology, Roetersstraat 15, Amsterdam 1018 WB, Netherlands.

出版信息

Behav Res Ther. 2004 Feb;42(2):229-39. doi: 10.1016/S0005-7967(03)00139-6.

DOI:10.1016/S0005-7967(03)00139-6

PMID:14975783

Abstract

In this study the effects of virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) were investigated in patients with acrophobia. Feelings of presence in VRET were systematically varied by using either a head-mounted display (HMD) (low presence) or a computer automatic virtual environment (CAVE) (high presence). VRET in general was found to be more effective than no treatment. No differences were found in effectiveness between VRET using an HMD or CAVE. Results were maintained at 6 months follow-up. Results of VRET were comparable with those of exposure in vivo (Cyberpsychology and Behavior 4 (2001) 335). In treatment completers no relationship was found between presence and anxiety. Early drop-outs experienced less acrophobic complaints and psychopathology in general at pre-test. They also experienced less presence and anxiety in the virtual environment used in session one as compared to patients that completed VRET.

摘要

在本研究中，对恐高症患者进行了虚拟现实暴露疗法（VRET）效果的调查。通过使用头戴式显示器（HMD）（低临场感）或计算机自动虚拟环境（CAVE）（高临场感），系统地改变了VRET中的临场感。总体而言，发现VRET比不治疗更有效。使用HMD或CAVE的VRET在有效性方面未发现差异。结果在6个月的随访中得以维持。VRET的结果与体内暴露的结果相当（《网络心理学与行为》4（2001年）335）。在完成治疗的患者中，未发现临场感与焦虑之间存在关联。早期退出者在预测试时总体上经历的恐高症症状和精神病理学症状较少。与完成VRET的患者相比，他们在第一次治疗中使用的虚拟环境中也体验到较少的临场感和焦虑。