Sharma H C, Pampapathy G, Dwivedi S L, Reddy L J
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India.
J Econ Entomol. 2003 Dec;96(6):1886-97. doi: 10.1093/jee/96.6.1886.
The levels of resistance to insect pests in cultivated groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) germplasm are quite low, and therefore, we screened 30 accessions of Arachis spp. and 12 derived lines for resistance to insect pests under field and greenhouse conditions. Accessions belonging to Arachis cardenasii, Arachis duranensis, Arachis kempff-mercadoi, Arachis monticola, Arachis stenosperma, Arachis paraguariensis, Arachis pusilla, and Arachis triseminata showed multiple resistance to the leaf miner Aproaerema modicella, Helicoverpa armigera, Empoasca kerri, and to rust, Puccnia arachidis Speg., and late leaf spot, Cercosporidium personatum (Berk. et Curt.). Arachis cardenasii (ICG 8216), Arachis ipaensis (ICG 8206), A. paraguariensis (ICG 8130), and Arachis appressipila (ICG 8946) showed resistance to leaf feeding and antibiosis to Spodoptera litura under no-choice conditions. Six lines, derived from wild relatives, showed resistance to H. armigera and S. litura, and/or leaf miner. Plant morphological characteristics such as main stem thickness, hypanthium length, leaflet shape and length, leaf hairiness, standard petal length and petal markings, basal leaflet width, main stem thickness and hairiness, stipule adnation length and width, and peg length showed significant correlation and/or regression coefficients with damage by H. armigera, S. litura, and leafhoppers, and these traits can possibly be used as markers to select for resistance to these insect pests. Principal component analysis placed the Arachis spp. accessions into five groups, and these differences can be exploited to diversify resistance to the target insect pests in groundnut.
栽培花生（Arachis hypogaea）种质对害虫的抗性水平相当低，因此，我们在田间和温室条件下筛选了30份花生属种质和12个衍生品系对害虫的抗性。属于卡氏花生（Arachis cardenasii）、二倍体栽培种花生（Arachis duranensis）、肯氏花生（Arachis kempff-mercadoi）、蒙蒂科拉花生（Arachis monticola）、窄叶花生（Arachis stenosperma）、巴拉圭花生（Arachis paraguariensis）、矮小花生（Arachis pusilla）和三生花生（Arachis triseminata）的种质对潜叶蛾Aproaerema modicella、棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera、棉叶蝉Empoasca kerri以及锈病（Puccnia arachidis Speg.）和晚斑病（Cercosporidium personatum (Berk. et Curt.)）表现出多重抗性。卡氏花生（ICG 8216）、四倍体栽培种花生（Arachis ipaensis）（ICG 8206）、巴拉圭花生（ICG 8130）和贴伏花生（Arachis appressipila）（ICG 8946）在无选择条件下对斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura表现出拒食性和抗生性。6个来自野生近缘种的品系对棉铃虫和斜纹夜蛾以及/或者潜叶蛾表现出抗性。植物形态特征如主茎粗度、花托长度、小叶形状和长度、叶毛、旗瓣长度和花瓣斑纹、基部小叶宽度、主茎粗度和毛被、托叶贴生长度和宽度以及果针长度与棉铃虫、斜纹夜蛾和叶蝉造成的损害表现出显著的相关性和/或回归系数，这些性状可能可用作选择对这些害虫抗性的标记。主成分分析将花生属种质分为五组，这些差异可用于使花生对目标害虫的抗性多样化。
