Jacobson Jake, Duchen Michael R
Department of Physiology, University College London, London, UK.
Mol Cell Biochem. 2004 Jan-Feb;256-257(1-2):209-18. doi: 10.1023/b:mcbi.0000009869.29827.df.
Mitochondria are increasingly ascribed central roles in vital cell signalling cascades. These organelles are now recognised as initiators and transducers of a range of cell signals, including those central to activation and amplification of apoptotic cell death. Moreover, as the main source of cellular ATP, mitochondria must be responsive to fluctuating energy demands of the cell. As local and global fluctuations in calcium concentration are ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells and are the common factor in a dizzying array of intra- and inter-cellular signalling cascades, the relationships between mitochondrial function and calcium transients is currently a subject of intense scrutiny. It is clear that mitochondria not only act as local calcium buffers, thus shaping spatiotemporal aspects of cytosolic calcium signals, but that they also respond to calcium uptake by upregulating the tricarboxylic acid cycle, thus reacting metabolically to local signalling. In this chapter we review current knowledge of mechanisms of mitochondrial calcium uptake and release and discuss the consequences of mitochondrial calcium handling for cell function, particularly in conjunction with mitochondrial oxidative stress.
线粒体在重要的细胞信号级联反应中越来越被认为起着核心作用。这些细胞器现在被公认为一系列细胞信号的启动者和传导者，包括那些对凋亡性细胞死亡的激活和放大至关重要的信号。此外，作为细胞ATP的主要来源，线粒体必须对细胞不断变化的能量需求做出反应。由于真核细胞中钙浓度的局部和整体波动无处不在，并且是一系列令人眼花缭乱的细胞内和细胞间信号级联反应中的共同因素，线粒体功能与钙瞬变之间的关系目前是一个受到密切关注的课题。很明显，线粒体不仅作为局部钙缓冲剂，从而塑造细胞质钙信号的时空特征，而且它们还通过上调三羧酸循环对钙摄取做出反应，从而对局部信号进行代谢反应。在本章中，我们回顾了线粒体钙摄取和释放机制的当前知识，并讨论了线粒体钙处理对细胞功能的影响，特别是与线粒体氧化应激相关的影响。
