Shi John, Yu Jianmel, Pohorly Joseph E, Kakuda Yukio
Food Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, Canada.
J Med Food. 2003 Winter;6(4):291-9. doi: 10.1089/109662003772519831.
Grape seeds are waste products of the winery and grape juice industry. These seeds contain lipid, protein, carbohydrates, and 5-8% polyphenols depending on the variety. Polyphenols in grape seeds are mainly flavonoids, including gallic acid, the monomeric flavan-3-ols catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, and epicatechin 3-O-gallate, and procyanidin dimers, trimers, and more highly polymerized procyanidins. Grape seed extract is known as a powerful antioxidant that protects the body from premature aging, disease, and decay. Grape seeds contains mainly phenols such as proanthocyanidins (oligomeric proanthocyanidins). Scientific studies have shown that the antioxidant power of proanthocyanidins is 20 times greater than vitamin E and 50 times greater than vitamin C. Extensive research suggests that grape seed extract is beneficial in many areas of health because of its antioxidant effect to bond with collagen, promoting youthful skin, cell health, elasticity, and flexibility. Other studies have shown that proanthocyanidins help to protect the body from sun damage, to improve vision, to improve flexibility in joints, arteries, and body tissues such as the heart, and to improve blood circulation by strengthening capillaries, arteries, and veins. The most abundant phenolic compounds isolated from grape seed are catechins, epicatechin, procyanidin, and some dimers and trimers.
葡萄籽是葡萄酒厂和葡萄汁产业的废弃物。这些种子含有脂质、蛋白质、碳水化合物，根据品种不同，还含有5 - 8%的多酚。葡萄籽中的多酚主要是黄酮类化合物，包括没食子酸、单体黄烷 - 3 - 醇儿茶素、表儿茶素、没食子儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素以及表儿茶素3 - O - 没食子酸酯，还有原花青素二聚体、三聚体以及聚合度更高的原花青素。葡萄籽提取物是一种强大的抗氧化剂，能保护身体免受过早衰老、疾病和衰退的影响。葡萄籽主要含有酚类物质，如原花青素（低聚原花青素）。科学研究表明，原花青素的抗氧化能力比维生素E强20倍，比维生素C强50倍。大量研究表明，葡萄籽提取物因其抗氧化作用能与胶原蛋白结合，在许多健康领域都有益处，可促进肌肤年轻、细胞健康、弹性和柔韧性。其他研究表明，原花青素有助于保护身体免受阳光伤害、改善视力、增强关节、动脉以及心脏等身体组织的柔韧性，并通过强化毛细血管、动脉和静脉来改善血液循环。从葡萄籽中分离出的最丰富的酚类化合物是儿茶素、表儿茶素、原花青素以及一些二聚体和三聚体。
