Hood C A, Bock M, Hosey M T, Bowman A, Ayoub A F
University of Glasgow, UK.
Int J Paediatr Dent. 2003 Nov;13(6):404-10. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-263x.2003.00496.x.
To determine the degree of facial asymmetry in infants with unilateral cleft lip and/or palate, and quantify improvements following primary surgery, in three dimensions.
The faces of 20 infants with unilateral clefts (10 UCL; 10 UCLP), and 20 age-matched, non-cleft controls, were captured using the C3D stereophotogrammetry system prior to primary lip/nose repair (at 3 months), at 6 months and at age 1 year.
Procrustes techniques were applied to 3D landmark configurations to its mirror image. Mean squared distances between landmarks and their antimeres were calculated and expressed as asymmetry scores for each 3D configuration. Full-face, nose and lip median scores were compared and changes with time evaluated (P < 0.01).
There were no significant changes in asymmetry scores in the control group from 3 months to 1 year. The UCLP group was more asymmetric than the UCL group, displaying greatest improvement in nasal symmetry following primary repair. The lips continued to improve over time. The UCL group had significant nasal asymmetry, which did not appear to improve with primary surgery.
Immediate improvement in asymmetry scores in children with UCLP is related to the production of a more symmetrical nasal form after primary surgery. In contrast, the nasal asymmetry seen in children with UCL is unchanged despite surgery. Full face asymmetry scores may mask subtle changes over time. Nasal and lip asymmetry should be considered individually.
确定单侧唇裂和/或腭裂婴儿面部不对称的程度，并从三维角度量化一期手术后的改善情况。
使用C3D立体摄影测量系统，在一期唇/鼻修复术前（3个月时）、6个月时和1岁时，对20名单侧唇裂婴儿（10名单侧唇裂；10名单侧唇腭裂）以及20名年龄匹配的非唇裂对照婴儿的面部进行采集。
将普洛透斯技术应用于三维地标配置及其镜像。计算地标及其对侧之间的均方距离，并将其表示为每个三维配置的不对称分数。比较全脸、鼻子和嘴唇的中位数分数，并评估随时间的变化（P<0.01）。
对照组从3个月到1岁时不对称分数无显著变化。单侧唇腭裂组比单侧唇裂组更不对称，一期修复后鼻对称性改善最大。嘴唇随时间持续改善。单侧唇裂组存在明显的鼻不对称，一期手术似乎并未改善。
单侧唇腭裂儿童不对称分数的立即改善与一期手术后形成更对称的鼻形有关。相比之下，单侧唇裂儿童的鼻不对称尽管进行了手术仍无变化。全脸不对称分数可能掩盖随时间的细微变化。应分别考虑鼻和唇的不对称情况。
