Salbe Arline D, DelParigi Angelo, Pratley Richard E, Drewnowski Adam, Tataranni P Antonio
Clinical Diabetes and Nutrition Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Mar;79(3):372-8. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/79.3.372.
Taste preferences for highly palatable foods rich in sugar and fat may underlie the current epidemic of obesity.
This study aimed to determine whether the hedonic response to sweet and creamy solutions differs between whites and Pima Indians and whether a preference for these tastes predicts weight gain.
One hundred twenty-three Pima Indian and 64 white volunteers taste tested solutions of nonfat milk (0.1% fat), whole milk (3.5% fat), half and half (11.3% fat), and cream (37.5% fat) containing 0%, 5%, 10%, or 20% sugar by weight. Solutions were rated for perceived sweetness, creaminess, and pleasantness (hedonic response) on a 100-mm visual analogue scale. Follow-up body weight was measured in 75 Pima Indians 5.5 +/- 3.0 y ( +/- SD) after baseline taste testing.
The Pima Indians had a significantly (P = 0.006) lower hedonic response than did the whites (repeated-measures analysis of variance). Neither body size (P = 0.56) nor adiposity (P = 0.86) was a significant predictor of the hedonic response. There was a positive correlation (r = 0.28, P = 0.01) between the maximal hedonic response at baseline and subsequent weight gain in the Pima Indians.
Although the Pima Indians liked sweet and creamy solutions less than the whites did, a heightened hedonic response for these solutions among the Pima Indians was associated with weight gain.
对富含糖和脂肪的美味食物的口味偏好可能是当前肥胖流行的原因。
本研究旨在确定白人和皮马印第安人对甜味和乳脂状溶液的享乐反应是否存在差异，以及对这些口味的偏好是否能预测体重增加。
123名皮马印第安人和64名白人志愿者对含有0%、5%、10%或20%（按重量计）糖的脱脂牛奶（0.1%脂肪）、全脂牛奶（3.5%脂肪）、半奶半奶油（11.3%脂肪）和奶油（37.5%脂肪）溶液进行了味觉测试。溶液在100毫米视觉模拟量表上进行甜度、乳脂度和愉悦度（享乐反应）评分。在基线味觉测试后5.5±3.0年（±标准差）对75名皮马印第安人的体重进行了随访测量。
皮马印第安人的享乐反应显著低于白人（P = 0.006）（重复测量方差分析）。体型（P = 0.56）和肥胖程度（P = 0.86）均不是享乐反应的显著预测因素。皮马印第安人基线时的最大享乐反应与随后的体重增加之间存在正相关（r = 0.28，P = 0.01）。
尽管皮马印第安人比白人不太喜欢甜味和乳脂状溶液，但皮马印第安人对这些溶液的享乐反应增强与体重增加有关。
