Lefeuvre Anabelle, Marianneau Philippe, Deubel Vincent
Pasteur Institute, Unit of Biology of Emerging Viral Infections, IFR128 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France.
Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2004 Apr;6(2):96-104. doi: 10.1007/s11908-996-0005-9.
Yellow fever (YF) is a mosquito-borne viral illness that causes hemorrhagic fever in tropical Africa and South America. Although a very safe and efficient vaccine (17D) is available, it is underused. An estimated 200,000 people are still infected annually, and YF remains a major public health concern. This article reviews the recent data on YF epidemiology, virology, and immunity, and analyzes the rare postvaccination adverse effects that have been recently reported. YF vaccine should be included in the expanded program of immunization for children and sustained for people living in or traveling to endemic areas. A surveillance of vaccinated people also should be reinforced. New research programs should be developed to identify molecular markers of YF virus tropism and attenuation, and to understand mechanisms of host responses to virus infection.
黄热病是一种由蚊子传播的病毒性疾病，在热带非洲和南美洲会引发出血热。尽管有非常安全有效的疫苗（17D疫苗），但其使用不足。据估计，每年仍有20万人感染，黄热病仍是一个主要的公共卫生问题。本文回顾了黄热病流行病学、病毒学和免疫方面的最新数据，并分析了近期报道的罕见的疫苗接种后不良反应。黄热病疫苗应纳入儿童扩大免疫规划，并持续为生活在疫区或前往疫区的人群接种。还应加强对接种疫苗人群的监测。应开展新的研究项目，以确定黄热病病毒嗜性和减毒的分子标记，并了解宿主对病毒感染的反应机制。
