Krug M, Wünsche A, Blum A
Universitäts-Hautklinik Tübingen, Tuebingen.
Hautarzt. 2004 Mar;55(3):301-15; quiz 316. doi: 10.1007/s00105-003-0674-3.
Consumption of tobacco is hazardous to the health. It leads to cardiovascular diseases, and increases the incidence of numerous neoplasms. The adverse effects on the skin are less well-known and often ignored. Changes in the rheologic characteristics of the blood, increased vasoconstriction and damage to the epithelial layer of the vessel play an important pathogenic role in impaired wound healing, thromboangiitis obliterans and peripheral arterial obstructive diseases. Interactions with collagen metabolism are of special significance in wound healing and skin aging. The immunological effects, such as the induction of an inflammation reaction play a role in palmoplantar pustulosis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, acne inversa, thromboangiitis obliterans and lupus erythematodes. In addition, immunosuppression caused by nicotine consumption may contribute to the pathogenesis of human papilloma-virus infections, malignant melanoma and epithelial tumors of the skin and neighboring mucous membranes.
吸烟有害健康。它会导致心血管疾病，并增加多种肿瘤的发病率。其对皮肤的不良影响鲜为人知且常被忽视。血液流变学特性的改变、血管收缩增强以及血管上皮层的损伤在伤口愈合受损、血栓闭塞性脉管炎和外周动脉阻塞性疾病中起着重要的致病作用。与胶原蛋白代谢的相互作用在伤口愈合和皮肤衰老中具有特殊意义。免疫效应，如引发炎症反应，在掌跖脓疱病、银屑病、特应性皮炎、寻常痤疮、反向痤疮、血栓闭塞性脉管炎和红斑狼疮中起作用。此外，吸烟导致的免疫抑制可能有助于人乳头瘤病毒感染、恶性黑色素瘤以及皮肤和邻近黏膜上皮肿瘤的发病机制。
