Just-Sarobé M
Servei de Dermatologia. Fundació Salut Empordà. Hospital de Figueres. Gerona. España.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2008 Apr;99(3):173-84.
Smoking is the main modifiable cause of disease and death in the developed world. Tobacco consumption is directly linked to cardiovascular disease, chronic bronchitis, and many malignant diseases. Tobacco also has many cutaneous effects, most of which are harmful. Smoking is closely associated with several dermatologic diseases such as psoriasis, pustulosis palmoplantaris, hidrosadenitis suppurativa, and systemic and discoid lupus erythematosus, as well as cancers such as those of the lip, oral cavity, and anogenital region. A more debatable relationship exists with melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, basal cell carcinoma, and acne. In contrast, smoking seems to protect against mouth sores, rosacea, labial herpes simplex, pemphigus vulgaris, and dermatitis herpetiformis. In addition to the influence of smoking on dermatologic diseases, tobacco consumption is also directly responsible for certain dermatoses such as nicotine stomatitis, black hairy tongue, periodontal disease, and some types of urticaria and contact dermatitis. Furthermore, we should not forget that smoking has cosmetic repercussions such as yellow fingers and fingernails, changes in tooth color, taste and smell disorders, halitosis and hypersalivation, and early development of facial wrinkles.
在发达国家，吸烟是导致疾病和死亡的主要可改变因素。烟草消费与心血管疾病、慢性支气管炎以及许多恶性疾病直接相关。烟草对皮肤也有诸多影响，其中大多数是有害的。吸烟与多种皮肤病密切相关，如银屑病、掌跖脓疱病、化脓性汗腺炎、系统性红斑狼疮和盘状红斑狼疮，以及唇癌、口腔癌和肛门生殖器区域的癌症等。吸烟与黑色素瘤、皮肤鳞状细胞癌、基底细胞癌和痤疮之间的关系更具争议性。相比之下，吸烟似乎能预防口腔溃疡、酒渣鼻、唇单纯疱疹、寻常型天疱疮和疱疹样皮炎。除了吸烟对皮肤病的影响外，烟草消费还直接导致某些皮肤病，如尼古丁口炎、黑毛舌、牙周病以及某些类型的荨麻疹和接触性皮炎。此外，我们不应忘记吸烟有美容方面的影响，如手指和指甲变黄、牙齿颜色改变、味觉和嗅觉障碍、口臭和唾液分泌过多，以及面部皱纹过早出现。
