Gordijn Ernestine H, Hindriks Inge, Koomen Willem, Dijksterhuis Ap, Van Knippenberg Ad
Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, University of Groningen, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2004 Feb;30(2):212-24. doi: 10.1177/0146167203259935.
The present research studied the effects of suppression of stereotypes on subsequent stereotyping. Moreover, the moderating influence of motivation to suppress stereotypes was examined. The first three experiments showed that suppression of stereotypes leads to the experience of engaging in self-control (Study 1), to depleted regulatory resources as indicated by worse performance on an unrelated subsequent task that involves self-regulation (Study 2), and to hyperaccessibility of the suppressed thoughts (Study 3). However, these effects were moderated by internal suppression motivation: Increased self-control, depleted regulatory resources, and hyperaccessibility of suppressed thoughts only occur for people with low internal suppression motivation. Furthermore, in line with the argument that depletion of regulatory resources after suppression also should result in increased stereotyping in general, it was found that suppression of a specific stereotype leads to an increased use of stereotypes in general, but only for people with low internal suppression motivation (Study 4).
本研究探讨了刻板印象抑制对后续刻板印象的影响。此外，还考察了抑制刻板印象动机的调节作用。前三个实验表明，刻板印象抑制会导致自我控制体验（研究1），会导致后续无关的涉及自我调节任务表现变差所表明的调节资源耗竭（研究2），以及会导致被抑制思想的过度通达（研究3）。然而，这些效应受到内部抑制动机的调节：自我控制增强、调节资源耗竭以及被抑制思想的过度通达仅在内部抑制动机较低的个体中出现。此外，与抑制后调节资源耗竭通常也应导致刻板印象增加的观点一致，研究发现，对特定刻板印象的抑制通常会导致刻板印象的更多使用，但仅在内部抑制动机较低的个体中出现（研究4）。
