Vaask S, Pomerleau J, Pudule I, Grinberga D, Abaravicius A, Robertson A, McKee M
Food Processing Institute, Tallinn Technical University, Tallinn, Estonia.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004 Apr;58(4):573-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601848.
The objective of this study was to compare the nutrient content of foods and diets based on data from two food composition databases used in the Baltic Nutrition Surveys (conducted in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in 1997): an adapted version of the Finnish Micro-Nutrica Nutritional Analysis program (used in Estonia) and the Russian Institute of Nutrition Food Composition Database (used in Latvia and Lithuania).
The adapted Micro-Nutrica and Russian databases were used to estimate the energy and nutrient (protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin C, calcium and iron) content of 15 common foodstuffs in the region and the nutrient intakes of 32 Latvian respondents (based on 24-h recalls). Differences between databases were estimated.
There were discrepancies in the energy and nutrient content of the 15 selected foods using the two databases. The adapted Micro-Nutrica database generally gave a lower energy content than the Russian database (median: -6%), and a lower fat content for typically fat-rich foods. Intakes of energy, fat, carbohydrate and calcium by the 32 selected respondents were significantly lower when the Micro-Nutrica database was used. Differences were particularly high for fat (difference=-23.5%, 95% confidence interval=-31.1 to -15.8%, P<0.0001).
The results suggest that reported comparisons of nutrient intakes in the Baltic countries should be treated with caution and that more research is needed for the development of comparable national databases in the region. Potential differences between databases should be investigated early when international surveys of dietary intake are being planned.
本研究的目的是根据波罗的海营养调查（1997年在爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚和立陶宛开展）中使用的两个食物成分数据库的数据，比较食物和饮食的营养成分：芬兰微量营养素营养分析程序的改编版本（爱沙尼亚使用）和俄罗斯营养研究所食物成分数据库（拉脱维亚和立陶宛使用）。
使用改编后的微量营养素数据库和俄罗斯数据库来估计该地区15种常见食品的能量和营养成分（蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、维生素C、钙和铁）以及32名拉脱维亚受访者的营养摄入量（基于24小时回顾法）。估计了两个数据库之间的差异。
使用两个数据库时，所选15种食物的能量和营养成分存在差异。改编后的微量营养素数据库给出的能量含量通常低于俄罗斯数据库（中位数：-6%），对于典型的高脂肪食物，脂肪含量也较低。使用微量营养素数据库时，32名选定受访者的能量、脂肪、碳水化合物和钙摄入量显著较低。脂肪的差异尤为显著（差异=-23.5%，95%置信区间=-31.1至-15.8%，P<0.0001）。
结果表明，波罗的海国家报告的营养摄入量比较应谨慎对待，该地区需要开展更多研究以开发可比的国家数据库。在规划国际饮食摄入量调查时，应尽早调查数据库之间的潜在差异。
