Janssen Ian, Katzmarzyk Peter T, Ross Robert, Leon Arthur S, Skinner James S, Rao D C, Wilmore Jack H, Rankinen Tuomo, Bouchard Claude
Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Obes Res. 2004 Mar;12(3):525-37. doi: 10.1038/oby.2004.60.
We tested the following hypotheses in black and white men and women: 1) for a given BMI or waist circumference (WC), individuals with moderate cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) have lower amounts of total fat mass and abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat compared with individuals with low CRF; and 2) exercise training is associated with significant reductions in total adiposity and abdominal fat independent of changes in BMI or WC.
The sample included 366 sedentary male (111 blacks and 255 whites) and 462 sedentary female (203 blacks and 259 whites) participants in the HERITAGE Family Study. The relationships between BMI and WC with total fat mass (determined by underwater weighing) and abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat (determined by computed tomography) were compared in subjects with low (lower 50%) and moderate (upper 50%) CRF. The effects of a 20-week aerobic exercise training program on changes in these adiposity variables were examined in 86% of the subjects.
Individuals with moderate CRF had lower levels of total fat mass and abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat than individuals with low CRF for a given BMI or WC value. The 20-week aerobic exercise program was associated with significant reductions in total adiposity and abdominal fat, even after controlling for reductions in BMI and WC. With few exceptions, these observations were true for both men and women and blacks and whites.
These findings suggest that a reduction in total adiposity and abdominal fat may be a means by which CRF attenuates the health risk attributable to obesity as determined by BMI and WC.
我们在黑人和白人男性及女性中检验了以下假设：1）对于给定的体重指数（BMI）或腰围（WC），与心肺适能（CRF）较低的个体相比，中度心肺适能的个体总脂肪量、腹部皮下脂肪和内脏脂肪量更低；2）运动训练与总肥胖度和腹部脂肪的显著减少相关，且独立于BMI或WC的变化。
样本包括遗产家庭研究中的366名久坐不动的男性（111名黑人，255名白人）和462名久坐不动的女性（203名黑人，259名白人）参与者。在CRF较低（后50%）和中度（前50%）的受试者中，比较了BMI和WC与总脂肪量（通过水下称重测定）以及腹部皮下和内脏脂肪（通过计算机断层扫描测定）之间的关系。在86%的受试者中，研究了为期20周的有氧运动训练计划对这些肥胖变量变化的影响。
对于给定的BMI或WC值，中度CRF的个体比CRF较低的个体总脂肪量、腹部皮下和内脏脂肪水平更低。即使在控制了BMI和WC的降低后，为期20周的有氧运动计划仍与总肥胖度和腹部脂肪的显著减少相关。除了少数例外情况，这些观察结果在男性和女性、黑人和白人中均成立。
这些发现表明，总肥胖度和腹部脂肪的减少可能是CRF减轻由BMI和WC所确定的肥胖所致健康风险的一种方式。
