Ratel Sébastien, Williams Craig A, Oliver Jonathan, Armstrong Neil
Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2004 Jun;92(1-2):204-10. doi: 10.1007/s00421-004-1081-x. Epub 2004 Mar 26.
The aim of this study was to compare power output profiles during repeated cycling and running sprints in children and adults. On two separate visits, 12 boys [11.7 (0.5) years] and 13 men [22.1 (2.9) years] performed ten consecutive 10-s sprints interspersed with 15-s recovery intervals on a non-motorised treadmill and cycle ergometer. Peak (PPO) and mean (MPO) power outputs were measured during each sprint. Capillary fingertip blood samples were drawn at rest and 3 min after the final sprint to measure lactate accumulation (Delta[La]). PPO and MPO decreased significantly more in adults compared to children over the ten sprints irrespective of the mode of exercise (P<0.001). PPO decreased by a similar amount during running and cycling in children (-17.7 versus -14.3%, P>0.05, respectively) and adults (-43.3 versus -40.0%, P>0.05, respectively). In contrast, MPO decreased significantly more during running compared to cycling both in children (-28.9 versus -18.7%, P<0.05) and adults (-47.0 versus -36.7%, P<0.05). The greater decrease in MPO during running compared to cycling was accompanied in children by significantly higher Delta[La] values (7.7 versus 4.1 mmol l(-1), P<0.001). In adults, blood lactate accumulation tended to be higher during running than cycling (12.7 versus 10.8 mmol l(-1), P=0.06). To conclude, adults displayed a greater decrement in power output compared to children over the ten repeated running and cycling sprints. Furthermore, children and adults experienced greater fatigue during running compared to cycling. This last result may be attributed to additional muscle recruitment during sprint running.
本研究的目的是比较儿童和成人在重复的自行车冲刺和跑步冲刺过程中的功率输出情况。在两次不同的访视中，12名男孩[11.7（0.5）岁]和13名男性[22.1（2.9）岁]在非电动跑步机和自行车测力计上进行了连续十次10秒的冲刺，中间穿插15秒的恢复间隔。在每次冲刺过程中测量峰值（PPO）和平均（MPO）功率输出。在休息时和最后一次冲刺后3分钟采集毛细血管指尖血样，以测量乳酸积累量（Delta[La]）。在十次冲刺中，无论运动方式如何，成人的PPO和MPO相比儿童均显著下降更多（P<0.001）。儿童在跑步和骑自行车时PPO下降幅度相似（分别为-17.7%和-14.3%，P>0.05），成人也是如此（分别为-43.3%和-40.0%，P>0.05）。相比之下，儿童（-28.9%对-18.7%，P<0.05）和成人（-47.0%对-36.7%，P<0.05）在跑步时MPO相比骑自行车下降得更显著。儿童在跑步时MPO相比骑自行车下降幅度更大，同时Delta[La]值显著更高（7.7对4.1 mmol l(-1)，P<0.001）。在成人中，跑步时血乳酸积累往往高于骑自行车（12.7对10.8 mmol l(-1)，P=0.06）。总之，在十次重复跑步和自行车冲刺中，成人相比儿童功率输出下降幅度更大。此外，与骑自行车相比，儿童和成人在跑步时疲劳感更强。最后这一结果可能归因于短跑过程中额外的肌肉募集。
