Feretti D, Zani C, Alberti A, Copetta L, Nardi G, Monarca S
Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale ed Applicata, Università degli Studi di Brescia.
Ann Ig. 2003 Nov-Dec;15(6):959-63.
The aim of this research was to evaluate the potential genotoxic effects of three drinking water disinfectants by means of in vivo short-term mutagenicity tests using plants. The study was carried out in laboratory using distilled water disinfected with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and peracetic acid (PAA) at different concentrations both in neutral and acid conditions. Untreated distilled water was used as a negative control. Micronuclei test in Tradescantia pollen cells and chromosomal aberration test in root cells of Allium cepa were the bioassays performed by exposing directly plant bioindicators to treated and untreated distilled water. The Tradescantia/micronuclei test gave positive results in most of the ClO2-treated water samples but only at acid pH. The Allium cepa test showed genotoxicity in NaClO-treated samples at acid pH and in a ClO2-treated sample at pH 7. PAA-treated samples were always nongenotoxic. Since the concentrations tested of free disinfectants are usually present in drinking water for biocidal purposes, genotoxicity of these compounds could be a public health problem.
本研究的目的是通过使用植物进行体内短期致突变性试验，评估三种饮用水消毒剂的潜在遗传毒性作用。该研究在实验室中进行，使用在中性和酸性条件下不同浓度的次氯酸钠（NaClO）、二氧化氯（ClO2）和过氧乙酸（PAA）对蒸馏水进行消毒处理。未处理的蒸馏水用作阴性对照。通过将植物生物指示物直接暴露于经处理和未处理的蒸馏水来进行紫露草花粉细胞微核试验和洋葱根尖细胞染色体畸变试验。紫露草/微核试验在大多数经ClO2处理的水样中给出了阳性结果，但仅在酸性pH值下。洋葱试验表明，在酸性pH值下经NaClO处理的样品以及在pH值为7时经ClO2处理的样品具有遗传毒性。经PAA处理的样品始终无遗传毒性。由于用于杀菌目的的饮用水中通常存在所测试的游离消毒剂浓度，这些化合物的遗传毒性可能是一个公共卫生问题。
