Muramatsu Yasuyuki, Yoshida Satoshi, Fehn Udo, Amachi Seigo, Ohmomo Yoichiro
National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555 Japan.
J Environ Radioact. 2004;74(1-3):221-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2004.01.011.
Iodine is an important trace element in geological and biological processes. We summarize here recent results and new data of experiments and observations carried out to improve the understanding of concentration levels and behavior of natural and anthropogenic iodine nuclides in the global environment. The distribution of stable iodine in the Earth's crust was estimated using concentration data in a suite of representative samples and the influence of subduction on the marine iodine cycle was investigated using (129)I systematics on iodine-rich brines from Japan. The importance of microorganisms for the natural iodine cycle is shown in recent studies of iodine sorption on soil and of iodine volatilization from terrestrial and marine environments. Levels of anthropogenic (129)I were measured in samples collected around a spent fuel reprocessing plant in Japan.
碘是地质和生物过程中的一种重要微量元素。在此，我们总结了近期的实验和观测结果及新数据，这些实验和观测旨在增进对全球环境中天然和人为碘核素的浓度水平及行为的理解。利用一组代表性样品中的浓度数据估算了地壳中稳定碘的分布，并通过对日本富碘卤水进行碘 - 129系统分析，研究了俯冲作用对海洋碘循环的影响。近期关于土壤对碘的吸附以及陆地和海洋环境中碘挥发的研究表明了微生物在天然碘循环中的重要性。对日本一家乏燃料后处理厂周边采集的样品测量了人为碘 - 129的含量。
