Silberstein Stephen D
Jefferson Headache Centre, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Lancet. 2004 Jan 31;363(9406):381-91. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15440-8.
Migraine is a very common neurobiological headache disorder that is caused by increased excitability of the CNS. It ranks among the world's most disabling medical illnesses. Diagnosis is based on the headache's characteristics and associated symptoms. The economic and societal effect of migraine is substantial: it affects patients' quality of life and impairs work, social activities, and family life. There are many acute and preventive migraine treatments. Acute treatment is either specific (triptans and ergots) or non-specific (analgesics). Disabling migraine should be treated with triptans. Increased headache frequency is an indication for preventive treatment. Preventive treatment decreases migraine frequency and improves quality of life. More treatments are being developed, which provides hope to the many patients whose migraines remain uncontrolled.
偏头痛是一种非常常见的神经生物学头痛疾病，由中枢神经系统兴奋性增加引起。它位列世界上最使人丧失能力的医学疾病之中。诊断基于头痛的特征和相关症状。偏头痛对经济和社会的影响很大：它影响患者的生活质量，损害工作、社交活动和家庭生活。有许多急性和预防性偏头痛治疗方法。急性治疗要么是特异性的（曲坦类药物和麦角类药物），要么是非特异性的（镇痛药）。致残性偏头痛应使用曲坦类药物治疗。头痛频率增加是预防性治疗的指征。预防性治疗可降低偏头痛频率并改善生活质量。更多的治疗方法正在研发中，这给许多偏头痛仍未得到控制的患者带来了希望。
