Petrides K V, Furnham Adrian, Martin G Neil
Department of Psychology, University College, London, England.
J Soc Psychol. 2004 Apr;144(2):149-62. doi: 10.3200/SOCP.144.2.149-162.
The authors examined participants' estimates of own and parental psychometric intelligence (IQ) and emotional intelligence (EI). The authors asked 224 participants (82 men, 138 women, 4 people who did not report their gender) to estimate their own and their parents' IQ and EI scores on a normal distribution ranging from 55 to 145 points. The authors hypothesized that men would give higher IQ but lower EI self-estimates than women and that participants, regardless of gender, would rate their fathers as higher on IQ but lower on EI than their mothers. The results confirmed the hypotheses, supporting the view that people perceive psychometric intelligence as a primarily masculine attribute in contrast with emotional intelligence, which they perceive as a primarily feminine attribute. The results also showed that the intensity of the stereotypical perception of EI as a feminine attribute diminished when the authors asked participants to estimate their scores on a range of specific EI facets instead of providing a direct overall self-estimate.
作者研究了参与者对自己及父母心理测量智力（IQ）和情商（EI）的估计。作者让224名参与者（82名男性、138名女性、4人未报告性别）在55至145分的正态分布范围内估计自己及父母的IQ和EI分数。作者假设，男性对自己IQ的估计会高于女性，但对EI的自我估计会低于女性；且无论性别如何，参与者对父亲IQ的评分会高于母亲，对父亲EI的评分会低于母亲。结果证实了这些假设，支持了这样一种观点：与情商相比，人们将心理测量智力视为主要的男性特质，他们认为情商主要是女性特质。结果还表明，当作者要求参与者在一系列特定的EI维度上估计自己的分数，而不是直接给出总体自我估计时，将EI视为女性特质的刻板印象的强度会减弱。
