Nuttman-Shwartz Orit
Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel.
Gerontologist. 2004 Apr;44(2):229-36. doi: 10.1093/geront/44.2.229.
The purposes of the study are to provide a phenomenological description of the pre- and post-retirement experience and to examine adjustment during the two periods.
This is a longitudinal study of 56 Israeli men that employs both personal interviews and standard measures of physical and mental health.
The pre-retirement interviews show four main perceptions. The dominant perception was as a period of uncertainty and crisis. The others were as providing hope for change, as a continuation of their lives until then, and as a developmental transition. Interviews 1 year post-retirement show that most of the men were happily occupied. Comparison of pre- and post-retirement scores on standardized tests shows reduced distress.
The findings point to the desirability of supportive pre-retirement interventions that would emphasize working out emotional difficulties posed the anticipation of ending work.
本研究的目的是对退休前后的经历进行现象学描述，并考察这两个时期的适应情况。
这是一项对56名以色列男性进行的纵向研究，采用了个人访谈以及身心健康的标准测量方法。
退休前访谈显示出四种主要认知。占主导地位的认知是这是一个不确定和危机的时期。其他认知分别是为改变带来希望、是此前生活的延续以及是一个发展转型期。退休后1年的访谈表明，大多数男性生活充实愉快。标准化测试中退休前后分数的比较显示痛苦程度降低。
研究结果表明，开展支持性的退休前干预措施是可取的，这些措施应着重解决因预期工作结束而产生的情感困扰。
