Yeung Dannii Y, Zhou Xiaoyu
Department of Applied Social Sciences, City University of Hong KongKowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
Front Psychol. 2017 Jul 27;8:1300. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01300. eCollection 2017.
Retirement is a major life event, and a positive adjustment to retirement is essential for maintaining physical and psychological well-being in later life. Previous research demonstrates that pre-retirement planning predicts post-retirement well-being. This study further explores the underlying mechanism between planning activities and post-retirement well-being. By applying the resource-based dynamic model (Wang et al., 2011), the present longitudinal study examines whether pre-retirement planning activities can increase the total resources of retirees, including tangible, mental and social resources, and consequently contribute to better psychological and physical well-being 1 year after actual retirement. A total of 118 Hong Kong Chinese retirees completed three assessments: Time 1 assessment was conducted 6 months before retirement, and Times 2 and 3 assessments were carried out 6 and 12 months, respectively, after retirement. Latent growth models were employed to examine changes in retirement resources and post-retirement well-being over time. Consistent with the proposition of the resource-based dynamic model, positive changes in well-being were observed in the retirees with increases in retirement resources between pre- and post-retirement phases. The results of the latent growth mediation models also support our prediction: retirees with more preparatory activities before retirement acquire greater resources at the initial stage, which contribute to positive changes in post-retirement well-being over time.
退休是人生中的一件大事，积极适应退休生活对于维持晚年的身心健康至关重要。先前的研究表明，退休前的规划能够预测退休后的幸福感。本研究进一步探讨规划活动与退休后幸福感之间的潜在机制。通过应用基于资源的动态模型（Wang等人，2011），本纵向研究考察退休前的规划活动是否能够增加退休人员的总资源，包括有形资源、心理资源和社会资源，从而在实际退休一年后有助于提升心理和身体健康水平。共有118名香港华裔退休人员完成了三次评估：第一次评估在退休前6个月进行，第二次和第三次评估分别在退休后6个月和12个月进行。采用潜在增长模型来考察退休资源和退休后幸福感随时间的变化。与基于资源的动态模型的命题一致，在退休前后阶段退休资源增加的退休人员中观察到了幸福感的积极变化。潜在增长中介模型的结果也支持了我们的预测：退休前进行更多准备活动的退休人员在初始阶段获得了更多资源，这有助于随着时间推移退休后幸福感的积极变化。
