Nes Ingolf F, Johnsborg Ola
Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology, Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Agricultural University of Norway, PO Box 5040, N1432 Aas, Norway.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2004 Apr;15(2):100-4. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2004.02.001.
A tremendous flow of information has been created through various genome sequencing projects worldwide. So far, 128 bacterial genome sequences have been completed and 391 are under way. Many of these bacteria, including several lactic acid bacteria (LAB), are used in the production and preservation of food and feed. The major antimicrobial and biopreservative substance produced by LAB is organic acid; however, some LAB produce additional antimicrobial compounds. Among these, the bacteriocins have demonstrated great potential as food preservatives. Additionally, antimicrobial compounds different from the bacteriocins have recently been identified, of which several display strong antifungal activity. The information obtained from genomics and related technologies will have great impact on the future identification and development of new antimicrobial agents. Developments will include the identification of pathways for the production of antimicrobials and genome mining for new antimicrobial peptides.
通过全球范围内的各种基因组测序项目，已产生了海量的信息。到目前为止，已完成了128个细菌基因组序列的测序，还有391个正在进行中。这些细菌中有许多，包括几种乳酸菌（LAB），被用于食品和饲料的生产与保存。LAB产生的主要抗菌和生物防腐剂是有机酸；然而，一些LAB还会产生其他抗菌化合物。其中，细菌素作为食品防腐剂已展现出巨大潜力。此外，最近还鉴定出了不同于细菌素的抗菌化合物，其中几种具有很强的抗真菌活性。从基因组学及相关技术中获得的信息将对未来新型抗菌剂的鉴定和开发产生重大影响。未来的发展将包括抗菌剂生产途径的鉴定以及新抗菌肽的基因组挖掘。
