Kobayashi Naomasa, Okamura Hideo
Doshisha University, Karasuma-Imadegawa, Kamikyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8580, Japan.
Chemosphere. 2004 Jun;55(10):1403-12. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.11.052.
The toxicity of the polluted waters originating from a disused lead mine was evaluated using both sea urchin bioassays and heavy metal analysis. Samples from three polluted waters (a seawater and two freshwaters) were collected from the mine area and one seawater sample was taken from a non-contaminated reference site. The test waters contained higher concentrations of heavy metals such as manganese, lead, cadmium, zinc, chromium, nickel, iron, and copper than did ambient seawater. The three test waters had inhibitory effects, in a dose-dependent manner, on the first cleavage of sea urchin embryos and on pluteus formation during the development. Some malformations, such as a radialized pluteus, exo-gastrula, and spaceship Apollo-like embryos were induced by the test waters without dilution. Zinc alone also induced the same anomaly. Zinc in the test seawater was ascertained as one of the metals that caused the anomalies, but not all of the toxicity was caused by zinc. It was speculated that interactive effects, involving zinc and possibly manganese and nickel, were occurring.
利用海胆生物测定法和重金属分析评估了来自废弃铅矿的污染水的毒性。从矿区采集了三个污染水样（一个海水样和两个淡水样），并从一个未受污染的参考地点采集了一个海水样。测试水样中锰、铅、镉、锌、铬、镍、铁和铜等重金属的浓度高于周围海水。这三个测试水样对海胆胚胎的第一次卵裂以及发育过程中的长腕幼虫形成具有剂量依赖性抑制作用。未经稀释的测试水样会诱导一些畸形，如辐射状长腕幼虫、外胚层原肠胚和类似阿波罗飞船的胚胎。单独的锌也会诱导相同的异常情况。测试海水中的锌被确定为导致异常的金属之一，但并非所有毒性都是由锌引起的。据推测，锌可能与锰和镍之间存在相互作用。
