Deptment Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Klinikum Großhadern, Munich, Germany.
J Headache Pain. 2013 Feb 14;14(1):11. doi: 10.1186/1129-2377-14-11.
Although primary headache is the most frequent neurological disorder and there is some evidence that the prevalence rates have increased in recent years, no long-term data on the annual prevalence of headache are available for Germany. The objective of the study was therefore to obtain long-term data on the period prevalence of headache in the general population in Germany by means of population-based cross-sectional annual surveys (1995-2005 and 2009).
These surveys were conducted as face-to-face paper-and-pencil interviews from 1995 through 2004, and from 2005 onwards as computer-aided personal interviews. The reported headaches were self-diagnosed by the interviewees. Per year, approximately 640 trained interviewers interviewed between 10,898 and 12,538 German-speaking individuals aged 14 and older and living in private households in the whole of Germany (response rate: 67.4% and 73.1%, gross samples: 16,026 to 18,176 subjects). A total of more than 146,000 face-to-face interviews were analyzed.
The one-year headache prevalence remained stable over the entry period, with 58.9% (95%CI 57.7-60.1) to 62.5% (95%CI 61.3-63.7) (p=0.07). Women showed consistently higher prevalence rates than men (females: 67.3 (95%CI 65.7-68.9) to 70.7% (95%CI 69.1-72.3), males: 48.4% (95%CI 46.5-50.3) to 54.3% (95%CI 52.4-56.2)), and both sexes showed a bell-shaped age dependence with peaks in the 30-39 age group. A stable slightly higher prevalence was observed in urban versus rural areas (p<0.0001), and there was also a significant trend towards higher prevalence rates in groups with a monthly household income larger than 3,500 € (p=0.03).
The overall headache prevalence remained stable in Germany in the last 15 years.
尽管原发性头痛是最常见的神经疾病，并且有证据表明近年来其患病率有所上升，但德国尚无长期的头痛年度患病率数据。因此，本研究旨在通过基于人群的横断面年度调查（1995 年至 2005 年和 2009 年）获得德国一般人群头痛的长期患病率数据。
这些调查是在 1995 年至 2004 年期间通过面对面的纸笔访谈进行的，自 2005 年以来，通过计算机辅助的个人访谈进行。报告的头痛由受访者自行诊断。每年，大约有 640 名经过培训的访谈员在德国各地的私人家庭中采访了 10898 至 12538 名 14 岁及以上的德语使用者（应答率：67.4%和 73.1%，总样本：16026 至 18176 名受试者）。共分析了超过 146000 次面对面访谈。
在进入期内，一年头痛患病率保持稳定，为 58.9%（95%CI 57.7-60.1）至 62.5%（95%CI 61.3-63.7）（p=0.07）。女性的患病率始终高于男性（女性：67.3%（95%CI 65.7-68.9）至 70.7%（95%CI 69.1-72.3），男性：48.4%（95%CI 46.5-50.3）至 54.3%（95%CI 52.4-56.2）），并且两性均呈现出钟形的年龄依赖性，在 30-39 岁年龄组达到峰值。城市地区的患病率略高且稳定（p<0.0001），月收入超过 3500 欧元的群体的患病率也呈上升趋势（p=0.03）。
在过去的 15 年中，德国的总体头痛患病率保持稳定。
