Stone V, Jones R, Rollo K, Duffin R, Donaldson K, Brown D M
Biomedicine Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Napier University, 10 Colinton Road, Merchiston, Edinburgh EH9 3EE, UK.
Toxicol Lett. 2004 Apr 1;149(1-3):255-9. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2003.12.036.
Modification of the quartz surface by aluminium salts and metallic iron have been shown to reduce the biological activity of quartz. This study aimed to investigate the ability of water soluble extracts of coal mine dust (CMD), low aluminium clays (hectorite and montmorillonite) and high aluminium clays (attapulgite and kaolin) to inhibit the reactivity of the quartz surface. DQ12 induced significant haemolysis of sheep erythrocytes in vitro and inflammation in vivo as indicated by increases in the total cell numbers, neutrophil cell numbers, MIP-2 protein and albumin content of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Treatment of DQ12 with CMD extract prevented both haemolysis and inflammation. Extracts of the high aluminium clays (kaolin and attapulgite) prevented inhibition of DQ12 induced haemolysis, and the kaolin extract inhibited quartz driven inflammation. DQ12 induced haemolysis by coal mine dust and kaolin extract could be prevented by pre-treatment of the extracts with a cation chellator. Extracts of the low aluminium clays (montmorillonite and hectorite) did not prevent DQ12 induced haemolysis, although the hectorite extract did prevent inflammation. These results suggest that CMD, and clays both low and rich in aluminium, all contain soluble components (possibly cations) capable of masking the reactivity of the quartz surface.
铝盐和金属铁对石英表面的改性已被证明可降低石英的生物活性。本研究旨在调查煤矿粉尘（CMD）、低铝粘土（锂皂石和蒙脱石）和高铝粘土（凹凸棒石和高岭土）的水溶性提取物抑制石英表面反应性的能力。如支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）液中总细胞数、中性粒细胞数、MIP-2蛋白和白蛋白含量增加所示，DQ12在体外可诱导绵羊红细胞显著溶血，在体内可引发炎症。用CMD提取物处理DQ12可防止溶血和炎症。高铝粘土（高岭土和凹凸棒石）的提取物可防止DQ12诱导的溶血受到抑制，且高岭土提取物可抑制石英引发的炎症。用阳离子螯合剂预处理提取物可防止煤矿粉尘和高岭土提取物诱导的DQ12溶血。低铝粘土（蒙脱石和锂皂石）的提取物不能防止DQ12诱导的溶血，尽管锂皂石提取物可防止炎症。这些结果表明，CMD以及低铝和高铝粘土均含有能够掩盖石英表面反应性的可溶性成分（可能是阳离子）。
