Vicente Joaquin, Segalés Joaquim, Höfle Ursula, Balasch Mònica, Plana-Durán Joan, Domingo Mariano, Gortázar Christian
Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.
Vet Res. 2004 Mar-Apr;35(2):243-53. doi: 10.1051/vetres:2004008.
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is considered as the causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in domestic pigs, where the virus is ubiquitous as evidenced by serological surveys. We present the results of the first nationwide sero-survey on the presence of PCV2 antibodies in European wild boars, and report the first PMWS case in a wild boar from Spain. Sera from 656 hunter harvested wild boars from 45 different geographical sites and 22 additional imported animals were analysed by means of an immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA). We also examined the tissues from 55 healthy and one diseased wild boars for the presence of PCV2 nucleic acid and PMWS lesions by in situ hybridisation and histopathology, respectively. Additionally, abundance estimates of wild boars and field interviews were carried out on 30 sampling sites. The prevalence of medium to high PCV2 serological titres among the examined wild boars was 47.89 +/- 1.9%. Seropositive wild boars appeared in all but one of the geographical regions analysed. Seroprevalence and titre of PCV2 antibodies were closely related to the management of the wild boar populations. Wild boars from intensively managed, farm-like populations had higher prevalence than wild boars living in more natural situations. The effect of wild boar abundance and management on PCV2 antibody prevalence was further evidenced by the high correlation existing between the relative abundance estimates of animals and the percentage of wild boars with medium to high levels of PCV2 antibodies. PCV2 nucleic acid was detected in the tissues of three wild boars. One of these was diagnosed as PMWS. The results, in addition to information on piglet mortalities, suggest a potential role of PMWS in piglet mortality in intensively managed wild boar populations.
猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）被认为是家猪断奶后多系统消耗综合征（PMWS）的病原体，血清学调查表明该病毒在猪群中普遍存在。我们展示了欧洲野猪中PCV2抗体存在情况的首次全国性血清学调查结果，并报告了西班牙一头野猪的首例PMWS病例。通过免疫过氧化物酶单层试验（IPMA）分析了来自45个不同地理区域的656头猎人捕获的野猪以及另外22头进口动物的血清。我们还分别通过原位杂交和组织病理学检查了55头健康野猪和1头患病野猪的组织，以检测PCV2核酸和PMWS病变。此外，在30个采样点对野猪数量进行了估计并进行了实地访谈。在所检测的野猪中，PCV2血清学滴度为中到高的流行率为47.89±1.9%。除一个分析的地理区域外，其他所有区域均出现了血清阳性野猪。PCV2抗体的血清流行率和滴度与野猪种群的管理密切相关。来自集约化管理、类似农场种群的野猪比生活在更自然环境中的野猪患病率更高。动物相对数量估计值与PCV2抗体水平为中到高的野猪百分比之间存在高度相关性，这进一步证明了野猪数量和管理对PCV2抗体流行率的影响。在三头野猪的组织中检测到了PCV2核酸。其中一头被诊断为PMWS。这些结果，连同仔猪死亡率信息，表明PMWS在集约化管理的野猪种群仔猪死亡中可能发挥作用。
