Rüdiger Mario, Gregor Tobias, Burkhardt Wolfram, Proquitté Hans, Wauer Roland R, Schmalisch Gert
Clinic for neonatology, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany.
J Crit Care. 2004 Mar;19(1):42-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2004.02.008.
Aerosolization of perfluorocarbons (PFC) has been proven beneficial in vivo. The present in vitro study was performed to investigate, how PFC-aerosolization is affected by type of nebulizer and PFC properties.
Aerosolization rate was studied of 4 different PFC that were nebulized using 3 different jet nebulizers (operating at different flows: 4.1; 7.1; 13 l/min) and one ultrasonic nebulizer. Distribution of aerosol particle size was determined with a laser diffraction device.
Between the studied nebulizers, considerable differences in the aerosolization rate were found. Aerosolization rate was significantly lower for PFOB (0.48-1.24 mL/min), when compared with PF 5080, RM 101 and FC 77 (1.33-4.75 mL/min). The ultrasonic nebulizer did not generate an aerosol but rather PFC vapor. Lowest mass median diameter (MMD) was found for PFOB and varied between the jet nebulizers from 2.2 and 3.7 microm, with a small range in particle size (maximum of 7.3 microm). FC 77 had highest MMD (3.5 to 9.2 microm) and greatest range of particle size of up to 13 microm.
Our in vitro data show that aerosolization rate depends mainly on density of PFC and the flow of nebulizer. Particle size distribution is affected by PFC properties. Our result may explain controversial results of published in vivo studies.
全氟化碳（PFC）雾化已被证实在体内有益。进行本体外研究以调查PFC雾化如何受到雾化器类型和PFC特性的影响。
研究了4种不同的PFC的雾化率，这些PFC使用3种不同的喷射雾化器（在不同流量下运行：4.1；7.1；13升/分钟）和1种超声雾化器进行雾化。用激光衍射装置测定气溶胶粒径分布。
在所研究的雾化器之间，发现雾化率存在显著差异。与PF 5080、RM 101和FC 77（1.33 - 4.75毫升/分钟）相比，全氟溴辛烷（PFOB）的雾化率（0.48 - 1.24毫升/分钟）显著更低。超声雾化器未产生气溶胶，而是产生了PFC蒸汽。全氟溴辛烷的质量中值直径（MMD）最低，在喷射雾化器之间为2.2至3.7微米，粒径范围较小（最大7.3微米）。FC 77的MMD最高（3.5至9.2微米），粒径范围最大达13微米。
我们的体外数据表明，雾化率主要取决于PFC的密度和雾化器的流量。粒径分布受PFC特性影响。我们的结果可能解释了已发表的体内研究中存在争议的结果。
