Kant Merijn R, Ament Kai, Sabelis Maurice W, Haring Michel A, Schuurink Robert C
Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Department of Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Plant Physiol. 2004 May;135(1):483-95. doi: 10.1104/pp.103.038315. Epub 2004 Apr 30.
Through a combined metabolomics and transcriptomics approach we analyzed the events that took place during the first 5 d of infesting intact tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants with spider mites (Tetranychus urticae). Although the spider mites had caused little visible damage to the leaves after 1 d, they had already induced direct defense responses. For example, proteinase inhibitor activity had doubled and the transcription of genes involved in jasmonate-, salicylate-, and ethylene-regulated defenses had been activated. On day four, proteinase inhibitor activity and particularly transcript levels of salicylate-regulated genes were still maintained. In addition, genes involved in phospholipid metabolism were up-regulated on day one and those in the secondary metabolism on day four. Although transcriptional up-regulation of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of monoterpenes and diterpenes already occurred on day one, a significant increase in the emission of volatile terpenoids was delayed until day four. This increase in volatile production coincided with the increased olfactory preference of predatory mites (Phytoseiulus persimilis) for infested plants. Our results indicate that tomato activates its indirect defenses (volatile production) to complement the direct defense response against spider mites.
通过代谢组学和转录组学相结合的方法，我们分析了用叶螨（二斑叶螨）侵染完整番茄（番茄）植株的前5天内发生的事件。尽管叶螨在1天后对叶片造成的可见损伤很小，但它们已经诱导了直接防御反应。例如，蛋白酶抑制剂活性增加了一倍，参与茉莉酸、水杨酸和乙烯调节防御的基因转录被激活。在第4天，蛋白酶抑制剂活性，特别是水杨酸调节基因的转录水平仍然保持。此外，参与磷脂代谢的基因在第1天被上调，参与次生代谢的基因在第4天被上调。尽管参与单萜和二萜生物合成的酶在第1天就已经发生转录上调，但挥发性萜类化合物的排放量显著增加直到第4天才出现。挥发性物质产量的增加与捕食螨（智利小植绥螨）对受侵染植物嗅觉偏好的增加相吻合。我们的结果表明，番茄激活其间接防御（挥发性物质产生）以补充对叶螨的直接防御反应。
