Kramer Matthias F, de la Chaux Richard, Fintelmann Rose, Rasp Gerd
Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximillians-University, Munich, Germany.
Am J Otolaryngol. 2004 May-Jun;25(3):173-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2003.12.004.
Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome (NARES) constitutes a rare nasal condition characterized by a chronic, eosinophilic inflammation. Patients' major complaints constitute nasal congestion and rhinorrhea. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by recurrent episodes of obstruction of the upper airways resulting in oxygen desaturation. Nasal congestion constitutes one predisposing factor for OSAS.
The purpose was to study whether NARES constitutes a risk factor for OSAS.
The study included 26 patients presenting typical symptoms of sleep apnea. Ten patients were diagnosed to suffer from NARES (mean age 56.8 +/- 12.5, body mass index [BMI] 29.3 kg/m(2) +/- 2.8; 9 men:1 woman) and were compared with 16 age- and BMI-matched individuals (mean age 58.8 +/- 11.6, BMI 29.7 kg/m(2) +/- 3.8, 16 men) without any nasal inflammation, such as allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, nasal polyposis, or vasomotor rhinitis. All patients were tested by polysomnography for an OSAS.
Patients suffering from NARES revealed significantly (P <.01) impaired polysomnographic parameters (hypopnea index, apnea-hypopnea index, mean and minimal oxygen saturation) compared with patients without any nasal inflammation.
Our data point to NARES as a risk factor for the induction or augmentation of OSAS. NARES patients suffered from severe OSAS, whereas nondiseased individuals suffered only from moderate OSAS, according to the criteria of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Our data support results of others, suggesting chronic nasal inflammation to cause OSAS. Mechanisms for our observations are not fully understood yet. Nasal obstruction or neuronal reflexes might be involved.
嗜酸性粒细胞增多综合征性非变应性鼻炎（NARES）是一种罕见的鼻腔疾病，其特征为慢性嗜酸性粒细胞炎症。患者的主要症状为鼻塞和流涕。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）是一种潜在的危及生命的疾病，其特征为上呼吸道反复阻塞发作导致氧饱和度下降。鼻塞是OSAS的一个诱发因素。
研究NARES是否为OSAS的一个危险因素。
该研究纳入了26例有典型睡眠呼吸暂停症状的患者。10例患者被诊断为患有NARES（平均年龄56.8±12.5岁，体重指数[BMI]29.3kg/m²±2.8；9例男性：1例女性），并与16例年龄和BMI匹配的个体（平均年龄58.8±11.6岁，BMI29.7kg/m²±3.8，16例男性）进行比较，这些个体无任何鼻腔炎症，如变应性鼻炎、鼻窦炎、鼻息肉或血管运动性鼻炎。所有患者均通过多导睡眠图检测OSAS。
与无任何鼻腔炎症的患者相比，患有NARES的患者多导睡眠图参数（呼吸暂停低通气指数、呼吸暂停低通气指数、平均和最低氧饱和度）明显受损（P<.01）。
我们的数据表明NARES是诱发或加重OSAS的一个危险因素。根据美国睡眠医学学会的标准，NARES患者患有重度OSAS，而未患病个体仅患有中度OSAS。我们的数据支持其他人的结果，提示慢性鼻腔炎症可导致OSAS。我们观察结果的机制尚未完全明了。可能涉及鼻塞或神经反射。
