Brayfield Brad P, Kankasa Chipepo, West John T, Muyanga Jubra, Bhat Ganapati, Klaskala Winslow, Mitchell Charles D, Wood Charles
Nebraska Center for Virology and School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0666, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2004 Jun 15;189(12):2260-70. doi: 10.1086/421119. Epub 2004 May 25.
The seroprevalence of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)/human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in sub-Saharan Africa suggests that multiple routes of transmission exist. In the present study, we examined 2 possible routes of mother-to-child transmission, through breast milk and saliva, during the first 6 months after delivery.
The prevalence of HHV-8 DNA in the breast-milk cells (n=75), milk supernatant (n=56), colostrum (n=2), and saliva cells (n=65) of HHV-8-seropositive mothers who recently gave birth was examined. Polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed for the detection of HHV-8 in cross-sectional samples isolated at 2, 4, and 6 months after delivery.
None of the 75 breast-milk samples but 2 of the colostrum samples that were analyzed contained HHV-8 DNA at a limit of detection of approximately 1 HHV-8 copy/10(4) cellular genomes, whereas Epstein-Barr virus DNA and HIV-1 DNA were detected in 16 and 22 samples, respectively. Analysis of 65 saliva cell samples, which were obtained from mothers who also provided milk samples, revealed that 19 of the samples had detectable HHV-8 DNA. Viral DNA was found at all time points, but the presence of viral DNA in saliva was independent of maternal HIV-1 serostatus (chi 2=0.33; P=.57).
Our findings demonstrate the lack of HHV-8 DNA in the breast milk of seropositive mothers, and they suggest that contact with breast milk is not a likely source of horizontal transmission of virus to infants in sub-Saharan Africa.
卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒(KSHV)/人类疱疹病毒8型(HHV - 8)在撒哈拉以南非洲的血清流行率表明存在多种传播途径。在本研究中,我们调查了分娩后前6个月内通过母乳和唾液进行母婴传播的两种可能途径。
检测近期分娩的HHV - 8血清阳性母亲的母乳细胞(n = 75)、乳汁上清液(n = 56)、初乳(n = 2)和唾液细胞(n = 65)中HHV - 8 DNA的流行情况。对分娩后2、4和6个月采集的横断面样本进行聚合酶链反应分析以检测HHV - 8。
在检测限约为1个HHV - 8拷贝/10⁴细胞基因组的情况下,75份母乳样本中均未检测到HHV - 8 DNA,但2份初乳样本中检测到了HHV - 8 DNA,而分别在16份和22份样本中检测到了爱泼斯坦 - 巴尔病毒DNA和HIV - 1 DNA。对65份也提供了乳汁样本的母亲的唾液细胞样本进行分析发现,其中19份样本可检测到HHV - 8 DNA。在所有时间点均发现了病毒DNA,但唾液中病毒DNA的存在与母亲的HIV - 1血清状态无关(χ² = 0.33;P = 0.57)。
我们的研究结果表明血清阳性母亲的母乳中不存在HHV - 8 DNA,这表明在撒哈拉以南非洲,接触母乳不太可能是病毒横向传播给婴儿的来源。