Kebede Yenew, Dorigo-Zetsma Wendelien, Mengistu Yohannes, Mekonnen Yared, Schaap Ab, Wolday Dawit, Sanders Eduard J, Messele Tsehaynesh, Coutinho Roel A, Dukers Nicole H T M
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, and Ethio-Netherlands AIDS Research Project, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
J Infect Dis. 2004 Jul 15;190(2):365-72. doi: 10.1086/422038. Epub 2004 Jun 21.
The herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemics are believed to fuel each other, especially in sub-Saharan countries. In Ethiopia during 1997-2002, a retrospective study was conducted to examine risk factors for infection and transmission of HSV-2, in a cohort of 1612 factory workers. Prevalence of HSV-2 seropositivity at enrollment was 40.9%, and incidence of seroconversion was 1.8 seroconversions/100 person-years (PY), which decreased over time. Independent risk factors for seropositivity were having an HSV-2-seropositive partner, female sex, HIV antibodies, positive Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay result, older age, low education level, and orthodox religion. These same factors were independent risk factors for HSV-2 seroconversion, with the exception of the latter 3. Most HSV-2-infected persons did not report symptoms. Among 41 monogamous HSV-2-serodiscordant heterosexual couples, incidence of HSV-2 seroconversion was 20.75 seroconversions/100 PY for women and 4.93 seroconversions/100 PY for men. The high burden of both HSV-2 and HIV infection in Ethiopia warrants stringent control measures.
据信，2型单纯疱疹病毒（HSV-2）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的流行相互助长，在撒哈拉以南国家尤为如此。1997年至2002年期间，在埃塞俄比亚对1612名工厂工人进行了一项回顾性研究，以调查HSV-2感染和传播的危险因素。入组时HSV-2血清阳性率为40.9%，血清转化发病率为1.8次血清转化/100人年（PY），且随时间下降。血清阳性的独立危险因素包括有HSV-2血清阳性的伴侣、女性性别、HIV抗体、梅毒螺旋体颗粒凝集试验结果阳性、年龄较大、教育水平低和信奉正统宗教。除后三项外，这些相同因素也是HSV-2血清转化的独立危险因素。大多数HSV-2感染者未报告症状。在41对一夫一妻制的HSV-2血清学不一致的异性恋夫妇中，女性HSV-2血清转化发病率为20.75次血清转化/100 PY，男性为4.93次血清转化/100 PY。埃塞俄比亚HSV-2和HIV感染的高负担需要采取严格的控制措施。
