Yamamoto Daigo, Tanaka Kanji
Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Osaka, Japan.
Breast J. 2004 Jul-Aug;10(4):295-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1075-122X.2004.21488.x.
Breast carcinoma and hyperplasia are thought to start in the lining of the breast duct. Mammary ductoscopy is an emerging technique allowing direct visual access of the ductal system of the breast through the nipple. This article reviews and discusses the utility of mammary ductoscopy. Abnormalities can be identified successfully by mammary ductoscopy, and intraductal biopsy can be used when the tumor is a polypoid type. Ductal lavage using microcatheters is effective in identifying malignant cells in high-risk women and this has stimulated interest in exploring the role of mammary ductoscopy in breast cancer screening. Mammary ductoscopy combined with ductal lavage may have a role in the management of patients with nipple discharge, the guiding of breast-conserving surgery for cancer, and in screening for high-risk women. The addition of molecular and genetic analysis of cells obtained by mammary ductoscopy are likely to enhance the use of this technique. Mammary ductoscopy techniques are safe and appear useful for detecting abnormalities in the breast. The additional molecular biologic study or ductal lavage may enhance the ability to direct and limit subsequent surgery when removing the offending lesions.
乳腺癌和乳腺增生被认为始于乳腺导管的内衬。乳腺导管镜检查是一种新兴技术，可通过乳头直接观察乳腺导管系统。本文回顾并讨论了乳腺导管镜检查的实用性。通过乳腺导管镜检查可以成功识别异常情况，当肿瘤为息肉样类型时可进行导管内活检。使用微导管进行导管灌洗在识别高危女性的恶性细胞方面有效，这激发了人们探索乳腺导管镜检查在乳腺癌筛查中作用的兴趣。乳腺导管镜检查联合导管灌洗可能在乳头溢液患者的管理、乳腺癌保乳手术的指导以及高危女性的筛查中发挥作用。对通过乳腺导管镜检查获得的细胞进行分子和基因分析可能会增加该技术的应用。乳腺导管镜检查技术是安全的，似乎有助于检测乳腺异常。额外的分子生物学研究或导管灌洗可能会增强在切除病变时指导和限制后续手术的能力。
