Woerner Wolfgang, Becker Andreas, Rothenberger Aribert
University of Göttingen, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004;13 Suppl 2:II3-10. doi: 10.1007/s00787-004-2002-6.
The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a short assessment instrument which addresses positive and negative behavioural attributes of children and adolescents and generates scores for clinically relevant aspects. Although this brief questionnaire has been widely used in Germany to gather information from parents, teachers, and older children themselves, normative results obtained with the German version have not yet been reported to the international scientific community. To allow comparisons with SDQ findings in other countries, normative data for the German parent-rated form as well as a community-based evaluation of scale properties are summarised and complemented by results obtained in a number of clinical samples.
Parent ratings were collected for a community-based sample of 930 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 16 years, in which both genders and all age levels were equally represented. Statistical evaluation of psychometric properties included a factor analysis verifying the proposed scale structure, assessment of scale homogeneities, and determination of age, gender and social class effects. Based on the distributions of SDQ scores observed in this normative sample, recommended bandings identifying normal, borderline, and clinical ranges were defined for each scale.
Exact replication of the original scale structure, satisfactory internal reliabilities, and observation of the expected associations with age and gender confirmed the equivalence of the German SDQ parent questionnaire with the English original. Differences between community-based results and clinical groups provided descriptive evidence of a dramatic impact of clinically defined psychiatric status on SDQ scores.
After evaluating parent ratings obtained in a community-based sample, the German SDQ was shown to possess favourable psychometric properties. Thus, the German translation of this popular and versatile instrument seems to be a similarly reliable and useful assessment tool as the original English questionnaire.
优势与困难问卷（SDQ）是一种简短的评估工具，用于评估儿童和青少年的积极和消极行为特征，并生成临床相关方面的得分。尽管这份简短的问卷在德国已被广泛用于从家长、教师和年龄较大的儿童自身收集信息，但德国版本获得的常模结果尚未向国际科学界报告。为了能够与其他国家的SDQ结果进行比较，总结了德国家长评定版的常模数据以及基于社区的量表特性评估，并辅以多个临床样本的结果。
收集了930名6至16岁儿童和青少年的社区样本的家长评定数据，样本中男女和各年龄层的比例均等。对心理测量特性的统计评估包括验证所提议量表结构的因子分析、量表同质性评估以及年龄、性别和社会阶层效应的测定。根据在这个常模样本中观察到的SDQ得分分布，为每个量表定义了识别正常、临界和临床范围的推荐区间。
原始量表结构的精确复制、令人满意的内部信度以及与年龄和性别的预期关联的观察结果证实了德国SDQ家长问卷与英文原版的等效性。基于社区的结果与临床组之间的差异提供了描述性证据，表明临床定义的精神状态对SDQ得分有显著影响。
在评估了基于社区样本获得的家长评定结果后，德国SDQ显示出良好的心理测量特性。因此，这个流行且通用工具的德文翻译似乎是一个与原始英文问卷同样可靠和有用的评估工具。
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