人为二氧化碳对海洋碳酸钙系统的影响。

Impact of anthropogenic CO2 on the CaCO3 system in the oceans.

作者信息

Feely Richard A, Sabine Christopher L, Lee Kitack, Berelson Will, Kleypas Joanie, Fabry Victoria J, Millero Frank J

机构信息

Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98115-6349, USA.

出版信息

Science. 2004 Jul 16;305(5682):362-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1097329.

DOI:10.1126/science.1097329

PMID:15256664

Abstract

Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations over the past two centuries have led to greater CO2 uptake by the oceans. This acidification process has changed the saturation state of the oceans with respect to calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles. Here we estimate the in situ CaCO3 dissolution rates for the global oceans from total alkalinity and chlorofluorocarbon data, and we also discuss the future impacts of anthropogenic CO2 on CaCO3 shell-forming species. CaCO3 dissolution rates, ranging from 0.003 to 1.2 micromoles per kilogram per year, are observed beginning near the aragonite saturation horizon. The total water column CaCO3 dissolution rate for the global oceans is approximately 0.5 +/- 0.2 petagrams of CaCO3-C per year, which is approximately 45 to 65% of the export production of CaCO3.

摘要

在过去两个世纪里，大气中二氧化碳（CO₂）浓度不断上升，导致海洋吸收了更多的CO₂。这种酸化过程改变了海洋相对于碳酸钙（CaCO₃）颗粒的饱和状态。在此，我们根据总碱度和氯氟烃数据估算了全球海洋中碳酸钙的原位溶解速率，并讨论了人为排放的CO₂对形成碳酸钙外壳物种的未来影响。从文石饱和深度附近开始，观察到碳酸钙的溶解速率为每年每千克0.003至1.2微摩尔。全球海洋水柱中碳酸钙的总溶解速率约为每年0.5±0.2拍克碳酸钙碳，约占碳酸钙输出产量的45%至65%。