Bates Eileen H, Crim Ryan N, Bouma Joshua V, Toft Jodie, Padilla-Gamiño Jacqueline L
University of Washington School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, 1122 NE Boat St, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
Puget Sound Restoration Fund, 8001 NE Day Rd W, Bainbridge Island, WA, 98110, USA.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 6;15(1):15797. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-96605-3.
Pinto abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana), the only abalone species native to Washington, declined by 97% in the state from 1992 to 2017. Their decline is a loss for indigenous tribes, recreational divers, and the health of subtidal rocky reefs and kelp beds. Current restoration actions are facing threats of ocean acidification and warming in the northeast Pacific. This research aims to deepen our understanding of the tolerance and physiological flexibility of early life history stages of pinto abalone and inform hatchery practices under future climate change scenarios. We conducted an experiment to test how seawater pH and temperature stress impact abalone larvae. We exposed abalone post-fertilization to elevated temperature and reduced seawater pH for ten days spanning their larval development period: (1) 7.95pH/14°C (ambient), (2) 7.60pH/14°C, (3) 7.95pH/18°C, and (4) 7.60pH/18°C. Abalone in the ambient treatment had the best survival, those in the 7.60pH/18°C treatment had the worst survival, and those in the two single-stressor treatments had survival in between. Among the surviving larvae, pH was the dominant stressor influencing settlement success, with higher settlement rates under ambient pH treatments at both temperatures. pH also had a stronger effect than temperature on shell length. The information gleaned from this study is essential for optimizing future restoration aquaculture for pinto abalone and determining their ideal habitat and potential geographic range.
平托鲍（Haliotis kamtschatkana）是华盛顿州唯一的本土鲍鱼品种，1992年至2017年间该州的平托鲍数量减少了97%。它们的减少对本土部落、休闲潜水者以及潮下带岩石礁和海带床的健康来说都是一种损失。目前的恢复行动正面临着东北太平洋海洋酸化和变暖的威胁。本研究旨在加深我们对平托鲍早期生活史阶段的耐受性和生理适应性的理解，并为未来气候变化情景下的孵化场实践提供参考。我们进行了一项实验，以测试海水酸碱度和温度胁迫如何影响鲍鱼幼虫。在鲍鱼幼虫发育期间，我们将受精后的鲍鱼暴露在高温和降低的海水酸碱度环境中10天：（1）7.95酸碱度/14°C（环境条件），（2）7.60酸碱度/14°C，（3）7.95酸碱度/18°C，以及（4）7.60酸碱度/18°C。处于环境条件处理下的鲍鱼存活率最高，处于7.60酸碱度/18°C处理下的鲍鱼存活率最低，而处于两种单一胁迫处理下的鲍鱼存活率介于两者之间。在存活的幼虫中，酸碱度是影响附着成功率的主要胁迫因素，在两个温度的环境酸碱度处理下附着率更高。酸碱度对壳长的影响也比温度更强。从这项研究中收集到的信息对于优化未来平托鲍的恢复性水产养殖以及确定它们的理想栖息地和潜在地理范围至关重要。
