Brown Josephine V, Bakeman Roger, Coles Claire D, Platzman Kathleen A, Lynch Mary Ellen
Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Altanta 30303, USA.
Child Dev. 2004 Jul-Aug;75(4):1282-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00739.x.
Effects of prenatal cocaine exposure and parental versus nonparental care on outcome at 2 years of age were examined. The sample included 83 cocaine-exposed and 63 nonexposed children and their caregivers; 49 and 34 of the cocaine-exposed children experienced parental and nonparental care, respectively. Prenatal drug exposure was not related directly to children's outcome at 2 years of age. However, compared with cocaine-exposed children in parental care, those in nonparental care experienced a more optimal environment and performed better in several developmental domains at 2 years of age in spite of being at greater neonatal risk. Further analyses suggested that this protective effect of nonparental care was in part due to nonkin rather than kin care.
研究了产前可卡因暴露以及父母照料与非父母照料对2岁儿童结局的影响。样本包括83名暴露于可卡因的儿童、63名未暴露于可卡因的儿童及其照料者；暴露于可卡因的儿童中，分别有49名和34名接受父母照料和非父母照料。产前药物暴露与儿童2岁时的结局无直接关联。然而，与接受父母照料的可卡因暴露儿童相比，接受非父母照料的儿童尽管新生儿风险更高，但在2岁时所处环境更优，在几个发育领域的表现也更好。进一步分析表明，非父母照料的这种保护作用部分归因于非亲属照料而非亲属照料。
